Abstract: Tender leaves of Anthurium andraeanum were cultured on MS medium containing optimal concentration of plant hormones, then the callus were induced and plantlets formed. Observation under electron microscope shows that there are significant differences in ultrastructure among the cells of the puff callus, the tight callus and the tender leaves of plantlets. In the cells of puff callus, cytoplasm are thin, vacuoles are bigger than normal, organelles are few, while no typical plastids and pre-plastids were observed. In the cells of tight callus and the tender leaves, cytoplasm are thick, vacuoles are smaller, the structure and the development of chloroplasts and mitochrodia can be observed clearly. It suggests that one of the causes of failing to differentiate into plantlets from longtime cultured callus is the excessive depression of chloroplasts, thus losing the function of regeneration.

Key words: Anthurium andraeanum, Callus, Chloroplast

摘要： 取安祖花的幼嫩叶片在添加适当浓度植物激素的MS培养基上,诱导愈伤组织并分化出试管苗。分别取疏松型和致密型的愈伤组织以及小苗幼嫩叶片进行电镜观察。结果显示,三者在细胞超微结构上有很显著的差异:疏松型愈伤组织的细胞细胞质稀薄,液泡大,细胞器的个数少,观察不到典型的质体或前质体;而致密型愈伤组织细胞和幼嫩叶的细胞,细胞质浓,液泡小,并可清楚地观察到叶绿体和线粒体的内部结构及其发育过程。由此可以推断,经长期培养的愈伤组织细胞不能分化的原因之一是由于叶绿体过度退化,丧失其再生功能所造成的。

关键词: 安祖花, 愈伤组织, 叶绿体