Abstract: The traits of fruits, seeds, embryos and seeds culture of four wild orchidaceous plants were studied. These plants included Calanthe discolor; Liparis japonica; Pholidota chinensis; Dendrobium densiflorum. The results showed that the colours of the seeds were white, light green or yellowish brown. The seeds were spindle or ellipsoid. The seeds of L. japonica, P. chinensis, D. densiflorum had seed pores and their embryos were dense and visible. The seeds germinated early and the germination rate was high. In which, the seeds of P. chinensis and D. densiflorum germinated earliest, and it only needed 36 days. The germination rate reached 100%. But the seeds of C. discolor did not have seed pores and the embryos could not see clearly. The seeds germinated late and the germination rate was low. The seeds of four orchidaceous plants were germinated by protocorms. A group of aseptic seedlings had been achieved through subculture. The germination status was discussed in combination with the characteristics of fruits, seeds and embryos.

Key words: wild orchidaceous plants, seed culture, germination, aseptic seedlings

摘要： 对4种野生兰花——虾脊兰、羊耳蒜、石仙桃及密花石斛的果荚、种子、种胚性状进行初步研究,并对其种子进行离体培养。结果显示,4种野生兰种子为白色、淡绿或黄褐,呈纺锤体或椭球体。羊耳蒜、石仙桃及密花石斛种子具种孔,种胚浓密且清晰可见;种子萌发较快且萌发率高,其中以石仙桃及密花石斛种子萌发最快,仅需36d,萌发率高达100%。虾脊兰种子未见种孔,种胚不甚明显,种子萌发缓慢且萌发率低。4种兰科植物种子均以原球茎方式萌发,通过继代培养,获得了一批无菌苗。

关键词: 野生兰花, 种子培养, 萌发, 无菌苗