Abstract: Cystorchis Blume as a newly recorded genus of Orchidaceae was found in Jianfengling National Nature Reserve of Hainan Island. Hainan Island is the second habitat found in China for the genus. According to the endangered standard of IUCN Red List, Cystorchis aphylla should be protected in situ conservation with a provisional rating of Vulnerable (VU D2).

摘要： 在海南省尖峰岭国家级自然保护区发现分布有兰科Orchidaceae鳔唇兰属Cystorchis Blume，应为海南省的新记录属。海南省是该属在我国已被发现的第二个分布点。根据世界自然保护联盟（IUCN）红色名录的濒危标准，无叶鳔唇兰C. aphylla属于D2级，应实施原地保护。

关键词: 鳔唇兰属, 无叶鳔唇兰, 新记录属, 海南, Cystorchis, Cystorchis aphylla, Newly recorded genus, Hainan Island