Abstract: Oenothera littaralis oil was extracted from its seeds by three different solvents (ether, petroleum ether or chloroform-methanol).Fatty acids in the oil were transferred to methyl esters with BF₃-MeoH by means of rapid saponification and esterification, and then subjected to analyze by capillary GC. The quantitative determination was carried out by external standard method. The results showed that the contents of linoleic acid and γ-linolenic acid in the seed oil by three solvents had no significant difference, but petroleum ether was more suitable than the other two solvents if considering the remains of solvents. Furthermore, the components of γ-linolenic acid was satisfactorily separated from the other fatty acids, especially linoleic with these esterification methods by GC.

Key words: Oenothera littaralis, solvent extraction, capillary GC, fatty acids

摘要： 分别用乙醚、石油醚及氯仿一甲醇等三种溶剂萃取海边月见草种子油,经KOH-Me0H室温酯化法或BF₃-Me0H酯化法将其脂肪酸转化成甲酯,而后采用毛细管气相色谱外标法进行定量测定,结果表明:三种溶剂萃取所获得的种子油脂肪酸中亚油酸、γ-亚麻酸的含量无显著差异。但若考虑到溶剂的残留,选择石油醚为溶剂更合适。此外,采用上述两种酯化法,γ-亚麻酸均能与其它脂肪酸,尤其是亚油酸较好分离。

关键词: 海边月见草, 溶剂萃取, 毛细管气相色谱法, 脂肪酸