In order to study the structural characteristics of woody plant community in Nanshan Nature Reserve of Shixing, Guangdong, three one-hectare sample plots at different elevations were set, and their species composition, diversity, diameter class structure and biomass were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) there were 193 species of woody plants belonging to 60 families and 115 genera in the investigated area, among which 127 species belonging to 44 families and 80 genera were the most in middle altitude sample plot. There were different dominant tree species, and the dominant families were Fagaceae and Lauraceae. (2) Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H) and Simpson diversity index (D) of woody plants were different between sample plots, and both showed a decreasing trend with the increase of altitude. (3) The diameter class structure of woody plant community in high and low altitude area was mainly small diameter class (grade I), while the diameter class structure of woody plant community in middle altitude sample plot was mainly in grade I, supplemented by individual trees in grade II and III, and the diameter class structure was more reasonable. (4) The biomass of roots, trunks, branches and leaves in different areas had significant differentces, and presented an increasing trend with the increase of altitude. The results provide scientific basis for rational forest management, biodiversity conservation and productivity prediction in Nanshan Nature Reserve of Shixing.
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