The 1-year-old seedlings of Cinnamomum camphora were used as test materials, and the control group (CK), moderate drought treatment (M) and severe drought treatment (S) were set to compare above-ground growth and root configuration of the seedlings among different treatments. The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter, root length, root surface area, root diameter and number of root tips of C. camphora in the moderate and severe drought treatment groups were significantly smaller than those of control group (P<0.05). Drought also significantly increased the root topology index and reduced the fractal dimension and mean branching angle of roots in C. camphora seedlings (P<0.05). The degree of soil moisture and the duration of treatment significantly affected the growth of C. camphora roots and their placement in the soil. Lower soil moisture treatments significantly inhibited root length extension, root surface area expansion and root proliferation, and as soil moisture levels continued to decrease and treatment times increased, the inhibition of C. camphora seedling root growth by water deficit increased and root establishment costs increased while root branching complexity decreased and root systems had to grow and elongate in steeper, deeper directions to improve water uptake. The root system must improve water uptake efficiency by elongating in a steeper and deeper direction. It was recommended that scientific water management strategies should be developed during the maintenance of landscaping projects to meet the needs of soil moisture during the seedling growth of C. camphora.
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