In order to explore the difference of total phenol contents and antioxidant activities in stems and leaves of different cultivars of Paeonia lactiflora, 16 cultivars were collected, and their antioxidant abilities were comprehensively evaluated by APC index. The results showed that the total phenol contents and antioxidant activities in the stems and leaves of different cultivars of P. lactiflora were significantly different, and the total phenol contents and antioxidant activities in the leaves were much higher than those in the stems. APC index showed that the cultivars with strong antioxidant capacity of stems were ‘Shaonvzhuang’, ‘Qiaoling’, ‘Laolaihong’, and the varieties with strong antioxidant capacity of leaves were ‘Qiaoling', ‘Shaonvzhuang’, ‘Laolaihong’, and ‘Xianhebai’. The antioxidant activities of stems and leaves measured by three methods, APC index and total phenol content were significantly correlated. This study had proved that the leaves of P. lactiflora had good antioxidant activities in vitro based on abundant phenolic substances. Four varieties of P. lactiflora with strong antioxidant ability had been screened, which be further developed and utilized as potential natural antioxidant resources.
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