Anthocyanin exists in the vacuoles of some leaves, flowers, fruits, seed epidermis and seed coat and is a water-soluble pigment that causes these organs showing color from red to black and others.The process of anthocyanin synthesis not only be regulated by gene, but also be affected by many other different factors.First, light regulates related enzyme gene expression directly or indirectly by signal transduction pathway.Second, sugar often coordinated controls pigment in flower altogether with light.Finally, hormone is also an important factor affecting the synthesis of anthocyanin.It often influences the metabolic process and gene expression in plants to affect anthocyanin synthesis and accumulation.Research progress in recent 20 years was also reviewed.