利用斑马鱼模型评价闽南常见桑科榕属草药粗叶榕(Ficus hirta)、天仙果(F. erecta var. beecheyana)、薜荔(F. pumila)、变叶榕(F. variolosa)不同药用部位水提取物及醇提取物的急性毒性。实验给药浓度分别为200 μg·mL-1、 100 μg·mL-1，记录给药后48 h、96 h鱼的死亡率，并采用体视显微镜观察斑马鱼胚胎畸形率和胚胎发育情况。结果表明，上述桑科榕属植物根、茎、叶、果等不同药用部位的水提取物在200 μg·mL-1剂量下是低毒或无毒的，对斑马鱼胚胎无不良影响，反而具有促进胚胎生长的作用，但高剂量醇提取物对斑马鱼胚胎发育有一定的负面影响，粗叶榕叶，天仙果茎、叶及变叶榕叶导致斑马鱼胚胎尾部畸形，薜荔叶、果醇提取物处理出现明显心包水肿现象。上述药材作为传统的汤料材料使用是安全无毒的，但用作药酒原料使用时应注意使用剂量。
Zebrafish model was used to evaluate the acute toxicity of aqueous extracts and alcohol extracts of different medicinal parts of Ficus hirta, F. erecta var. beecheyana, F. pumila, F. variolosa. The mortality rate of fish was recorded at 48 h and 96 h after the administration of the extracts, and the embryonic malformation rate and embryonic development of each group were observed by stereomicroscopy. The results showed that the water extracts of the roots, stems, leaves, fruits and other different medicinal parts of the plants of Ficus in Moraceae were low or non-toxic at a dose of 200 μg·mL-1, and had no adverse effects on zebrafish embryos, the effect of promoting embryo growth was observed. However, the alcohol extract had a certain effect on zebrafish embryo development at high doses. The alcohol extracts from thick leaf of F. hirta, the stems and leaves of F. erecta var. beecheyana, and the leaves of F. variolosa led to the tail deformity of zebrafish embryos. The alcohol extracts from F. pumila leaves, fruit had obvious pericardial edema. The results showed that the above-mentioned medicinal materials were safe and non-toxic when used as traditional soup materials, but the dosage should be paid attention to when used as medicinal wine raw materials.
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