自然演替15年的亚热带人工混交林物种多样性与群落结构恢复特征

PAN Li-jun; Du Jian; YE Xiao-ping; XU Han; LI Yan-peng; CHEN Zhao-cong

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2025.01.008

亚热带植物科学 >

2025 , Vol. 54 >Issue 1: 62 - 70

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2025.01.008

研究论文

自然演替15年的亚热带人工混交林物种多样性与群落结构恢复特征

PAN Li-jun ,
Du Jian ,
YE Xiao-ping ,
XU Han ,
LI Yan-peng ,
CHEN Zhao-cong

展开

(1. 佛山市云勇林场，广东佛山 528518；2. 赣州市林业发展服务中心，江西赣州 341000；3. 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 /海南尖峰岭森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站 / 广东珠江三角洲农田防护林生态系统定位观测研究站，广东广州 510520)

收稿日期: 2024-10-18

录用日期: 2024-11-13

网络出版日期: 2025-05-22

基金资助

中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2021ZH002、CAFYBB2021SY002、CAFYBB2022SY014)；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2024A1515011100)

收起

Recovery Characteristics of Species Diversity and Community Structure in Subtropical Mixed Plantations after 15 Years of Natural Succession

盘李军，杜健，叶小萍，许涵，李艳朋，陈兆聪

Expand

(1. Yunyong Forest Farm, Foshan 528518, Guangdong China; 2. Ganzhou Forestry Development Service Center, Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi China; 3. Hainan Jianfengling National Key Field Research Station for Tropical Forest Ecosystem / Pearl River Delta Farmland Shelterbelt Ecosystem Research Station, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong China)

Received date: 2024-10-18

Accepted date: 2024-11-13

Online published: 2025-05-22

Fold

摘要

物种多样性和群落结构的恢复能力是判断人工混交林营建成功与否的重要指标。以2005年对杉木Cunninghamia lanceolata纯林进行皆伐并种植阔叶乡土树种后形成的人工混交林为研究对象，基于在上述典型区域建设的6.48 hm²样地2020年首次本底调查数据，探索亚热带人工混交林物种多样性和群落结构的恢复特征。结果表明：(1) 云勇林场样地在经过15年的自然恢复后，共有55科121属169种植物进入群落并成功定殖，表明亚热带人工混交林具有较强的物种多样性恢复能力；(2) 云勇林场样地重要值排名前10位的树种中人为引入物种有7种，表明早期人为引入物种对自然恢复15年的人工混交林群落结构仍具有重要影响；(3) 云勇林场样地独立植株个体的平均胸径为8.60 cm，植株径级分布总体呈为倒“J”形，表明群落更新良好且处于相对稳定状态；(4) 早期人为引入物种能够实现自然更新，但由于恢复时间较短，其径级结构主要表现为钟形曲线。综上所述，亚热带人工混交林具有较强的植物物种多样性和群落结构恢复能力，该研究结果可为优化亚热带地区的森林恢复策略提供科技支撑。

关键词： 人工混交林; 自然演替; 物种多样性; 群落结构; 恢复特征

本文引用格式

PAN Li-jun , Du Jian , YE Xiao-ping , XU Han , LI Yan-peng , CHEN Zhao-cong . 自然演替15年的亚热带人工混交林物种多样性与群落结构恢复特征[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2025 , 54(1) : 62 -70 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2025.01.008

Abstract

The resilience of species diversity and community structure are important indicators to judge the success of mixed plantation construction. This study was conducted in the subtropical mixed plantations formed after the renovation of pure forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata in 2005 in Yunyong forest farm, Foshan City, Guangdong Province. Recovery characteristics of species diversity and community structure were analyzed based on the 6.48 hm² plot which was set up in the typical areas of the above plantations in 2020. The results were as follows: (1) 169 woody plant species belonging to 121 genera in 55 families colonized the community after 15 years of natural restoration, indicating the subtropical mixed plantations had a strong conservation ability of species diversity. (2) Seven of the top ten species in terms of importance value were artificially introduced species, indicating that early introduced species still had an important effect on the community structure of subtropical mixed plantations after 15 years of natural succession. (3) The average diameter at breast height (DBH) of all individuals was 8.60 cm, and the DBH distribution was an inverse-J shape, indicating the community had normal regeneration ability. (4) Early artificially introduced species could also have normal regeneration ability, although their DBH shapes mainly showed a bell curve due to the short recovery time. The results revealed the subtropical mixed plantations had strong conservation ability of species diversity and community structure. These findings could provide a theoretical basis for optimizing forest restoration strategies in subtropical areas.

Key words： mixed plantation; natural succession; species diversity; community structure; recovery characteristics

参考文献

[1] 彭少麟. 热带亚热带恢复生态学研究与实践[M]. 科学出版社, 2003.
[2] 姚杰, 丁易, 周超凡, 田立新, 臧润国. 海南热带天然林木本植物多样性对地上生物量的影响及其尺度效应[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 46(12): 1–10.
[3] 毛亦杨, 陈富强, 郭勇, 刘菊秀, 蒋芬, 李旭. 不同林龄红锥人工林林下植被物种多样性恢复动态[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2021, 27(4): 930–937.
[4] 李艳朋, 盘李军, 陈洁, 许涵, 杨立新. 亚热带人工混交林叶功能性状对森林演替的响应规律及影响因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(7): 6–18.
[5] 刘世荣, 杨予静, 王晖. 中国人工林经营发展战略与对策: 从追求木材产量的单一目标经营转向提升生态系统服务质量和效益的多目标经营[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(1): 1–10.
[6] Amazonas N T, Forrester D I, Oliveira R S, Brancalion P H S. Combining Eucalyptus wood production with the recovery of native tree diversity in mixed plantings: Implications for water use and availability [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2018, 418: 34–40.
[7] Liu C L C, Kuchma O, Krutovsky K V. Mixed-species versus monocultures in plantation forestry: Development, benefits, ecosystem services and perspectives for the future [J]. Global Ecology and Conservation, 2018, 15: e00419.
[8] 胡凤烨, 赵锐锋, 张丽华, 王宏, 杨尖拉毛, 当知才让, 蒋小玉. 黄河首曲湿地植物群落生产力、物种多样性及其与生境的关系[J]. 生态学报, 2023, 43(24): 10238–10249.
[9] 赵凡, 钟欣艺, 谢平畅, 胡芮, 郝建锋, 姚雪. 不同植被维护措施对三星堆遗址城墙草本植物群落物种多样性与生物量的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2024, 44(19): 1–10.
[10] 徐学红, 王巍伟, 米湘成, 陈磊, 马克平. 中国森林生物多样性监测网络(CForBio): 二十年进展与展望[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(12): 132–146.
[11] Huang Y Y, Chen Y X, Castro-Izaguirre N, Baruffol M, Brezzi M, Lang A, Li Y, H?rdtle W, von Oheimb G, Yang X F, Liu X J, Pei K Q, Both S, Yang B, Eichenberg D, Assmann T, Bauhus J, Behrens T, Buscot F, Chen X Y, Chesters D, Ding B Y, Durka W, Erfmeier A, Fang J Y, Fischer M, Guo L D, Guo D L, Gutknecht J L M, He J S, He C L, Hector A, H?nig L, Hu R Y, Klein A M, Kühn P, Liang Y, Li S, Michalski S, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Schmidt K, Scholten T, Schuldt A, Shi X Z, Man-Zhi Tan M Z, Zhiyao Tang Z Y, Trogisch S, Wang Z H, Welk E, Wirth C, Wubet T, Xiang W H, Yu M J, Yu X D, Zhang J Y, Zhang S R, Zhang N L, Zhou H Z, Zhu C D, Li Zhu L, Bruelheide H, Ma K P, Niklaus P A, Schmid B. Impacts of species richness on productivity in a large-scale subtropical forest experiment [J]. Science, 2018, 362(6410): 80–83.
[12] Xu H, Li Y D, Liu S R, Zang R G, He F L, Spence J R. Partial recovery of a tropical rain forest a half-century after clear-cut and selective logging [J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 52: 1044–1052.
[13] Oberleitner F, Egger C, Oberdorfer S, Dullinger S, Wanek W, Hietz P. Recovery of aboveground biomass, species richness and composition in tropical secondary forests in SW Costa Rica [J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2021, 479: 118580.
[14] 盘李军, 许涵, 李艳朋, 叶小萍, 谭莎, 吴华俊, 何增丽. 不同树种配置模式对人工林物种和功能多样性恢复的影响[J]. 林业与环境科学, 2023, 39(1): 55–64.
[15] 李艳朋, 盘李军, 陈洁, 许涵, 杨立新. 亚热带人工混交林叶功能性状对森林演替的响应规律及影响因素[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(7): 6–18.
[16] 叶小萍, 盘李军, 许涵, 李艳朋, 冼伟光, 谭健彬, 李政, 叶伯坚. 生态公益林改造后物种组成和多样性动态变化研究[J]. 林业与环境科学, 2022, 38(5): 105–112.
[17] 陈伟光, 张卫强, 唐洪辉, 盘李军, 冼杆标, 冼伟光. 南亚热带不同林龄人工针阔混交林物种多样性研究[J]. 广东林业科技, 2014, 30(6): 45–51.
[18] 李艳朋, 许涵, 李意德, 骆土寿, 陈德祥, 周璋, 林明献, 杨怀. 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林物种多样性空间分布格局的尺度效应[J]. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(9): 861–870.
[19] 吴陶红, 龙翠玲, 熊玲, 李娟, 刘奇. 茂兰喀斯特森林不同演替阶段植物叶片功能性状与土壤因子的关系[J]. 广西植物, 2023, 43(3): 463–472.
[20] Cheng J M, Zhang M, Yan X F, Zhang C, Zhang J F, Luo Y H. Effects of seed size and frequency on seed dispersal and predation by small mammals [J]. Biology, 2024, 13(5), 353.
[21] 叶万辉, 曹洪麟, 黄忠良, 练琚愉, 王志高, 李林, 魏识广, 王章明. 鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林20公顷样地群落特征研究[J]. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(2): 274–286.
[22] 桂旭君, 练琚愉, 张入匀, 李艳朋, 沈浩, 倪云龙, 叶万辉. 鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林群落垂直结构及其物种多样性特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(6): 619–629.
[23] 张入匀, 李艳朋, 倪云龙, 桂旭君, 练琚愉, 叶万辉. 鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林叶功能性状沿群落垂直层次的种内变异[J]. 生物多样性, 2019, 27(12): 1279–1290.
[24] 吴彦, 刘庆, 乔永康, 潘开文, 赵常明, 陈庆恒. 亚高山针叶林不同恢复阶段群落物种多样性变化及其对土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2001, 25(6): 648–655.
[25] 许涵, 李意德, 林明献, 吴建辉, 骆土寿, 周璋, 陈德祥, 杨怀, 李广建, 刘世荣. 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 ha动态监测样地群落结构特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2015, 23(2): 192–201.
[26] 宾粤, 叶万辉, 曹洪麟, 黄忠良, 练琚愉. 鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林20公顷样地幼苗的分布[J]. 生物多样性, 2011, 19(2): 127–133.
[27] 石佳竹, 许涵, 李艳朋, 陈洁, 骆土寿, 林明献, 李意德. 海南尖峰岭热带山地雨林60 hm2大样地幼苗物种组成及数量特征[J]. 林业科学, 2024, 60(9): 33–40.
[28] 赵勇强, 阎玺羽, 谢加琪, 侯梦婷, 陈丹梅, 臧丽鹏, 刘庆福, 隋明浈, 张广奇. 退化喀斯特森林自然恢复中不同生活史阶段木本植物物种多样性与群落构建[J]. 生物多样性, 2024, 32(5): 72–83.
[29] 李艳朋, 倪云龙, 许涵, 练琚愉, 叶万辉. 鼎湖山南亚热带常绿阔叶林植物功能性状变异与不同垂直层次个体生长的关联[J]. 生物多样性, 2021, 29(9): 1186–1197.
[30] Qiang W, He L L, Zhang Y, Liu B, Liu Y, Liu Q H, Pang X Y. Aboveground vegetation and soil physicochemical properties jointly drive the shift of soil microbial community during subalpine secondary succession in Southwest China [J]. Catena, 2021, 202: 105251.

Options

文章导航

〈

〉

闽ICP备11008787号-5　

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献