基于UPLC-MS/MS与ICP-MS技术分析南、北柴胡种子代谢物差异

杨 峰, 常 盼, 司玉娟, 姜 侃, 李 欠

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2026.03.004

亚热带植物科学 >

2026 , Vol. 55 >Issue 3: 296 - 304

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2026.03.004

研究论文

基于UPLC-MS/MS与ICP-MS技术分析南、北柴胡种子代谢物差异

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(1. 甘肃农业大学农学院 / 省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730070；2. 甘肃省高校种业产业研究院，甘肃兰州 730070)

收稿日期: 2026-01-26

录用日期: 2026-04-20

网络出版日期: 2026-06-30

基金资助

甘肃农业大学青年导师扶持基金(GAU-QDFC-2024-09)；甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目(2023A-53)

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Comparative Analysis of Seed Metabolites of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium and B. chinense Based on UPLC-MS/MS and ICP-MS Techniques

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(1. College of Agronomy / State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu China; 2. Seed Industry Research Institute of Gansu Provincial University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu China)

Received date: 2026-01-26

Accepted date: 2026-04-20

Online published: 2026-06-30

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摘要

采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UPLC-MS/MS）和电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）技术，系统分析南柴胡（BS）与北柴胡（BC）种子的代谢组学特征及无机元素组成。通过非靶向代谢组学共鉴定出4282种代谢物，其中脂类及类脂分子（33.60%）、有机酸及其衍生物（15.50%）和有机杂环化合物（15.30%）为主要成分。多变量统计分析显示两组代谢谱存在显著差异（累计贡献率91.04%），共筛选出2960个差异代谢物（DAMs），其中苯丙素类与聚酮类化合物在BC组特异性上调（VIP≥1，P＜0.05）。元素分析表明，K和Ca含量在两组中均最高，BS组的Na、Al、Mo、B含量明显高于BC组。所有样品重金属含量均符合2025年版《中华人民共和国药典》标准。相关性分析表明，BS组以Na-Al共变和Fe-Cr协同为特征，而BC组则表现为Na-Ca关联及Fe与Ni、Bi、Re的拮抗关系。研究首次揭示了南、北柴胡种子在代谢物和元素积累上的种间特异性差异，为柴胡种质资源评价提供了代谢-元素双维度指标，其发现对指导品种选育和规范化种植具有重要价值。

关键词： 柴胡种子; 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱; 电感耦合等离子体质谱; 种质差异

本文引用格式

杨峰, 常盼, 司玉娟, 姜侃, 李欠 . 基于UPLC-MS/MS与ICP-MS技术分析南、北柴胡种子代谢物差异[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2026 , 55(3) : 296 -304 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2026.03.004

Abstract

This study employed ultra-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC- MS/MS) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to systematically characterize the metabolomic profiles and inorganic elemental composition of seeds from Bupleurum scorzonerifolium (BS) and B. chinense (BC). Using untargeted metabolomics, a total of 4282 metabolites were identified, dominated by lipids and lipid-like molecules (33.60%), organic acids and derivatives (15.50%), and organoheterocyclic compounds (15.30%). Multivariate statistical analyses revealed pronounced differences between the two metabolomic datasets (cumulative explained variance: 91.04%), and 2960 differential accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were screened, with phenylpropanoids and polyketides specifically upregulated in the BC group (VIP≥1, P＜0.05). The contents of K and Ca are the highest in both groups, while Na, Al, Mo, and B levels were significantly higher in the BS group than in the BC group. The concentrations of heavy metals in all samples complied with the limits specified in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2025 edition). Correlation analysis showed that the BS group was characterized by Na–Al co-variation and Fe–Cr synergy, whereas the BC group exhibited Na–Ca associations and antagonistic relationships between Fe and Ni, Bi, and Re. This study is the first to reveal interspecific differences in metabolites and element accumulation in seeds of southern Bupleurum and northern Bupleurum, providing dual-dimension (metabolite–element) indicators for the evaluation of Bupleurum germplasm resources. These findings have important implications for guiding cultivar breeding and promoting standardized cultivation.

Key words： Bupleurum seeds; UPLC-MS/MS; ICP-MS; germplasm difference

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