In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to study the differences of organic carbon among rape leaf, silique, pod area and rapeseed, yield and rapeseed oil content in two rape cultivars [High nitrogen (N) use efficiency cultivar, No. 27; low N use efficiency cultivar, No. 6] under two N application levels for exploring the law of carbon accumulation. The results showed that No. 27 ranked higher level than No. 6 in rapeseed yield, harvest index, rapeseed oil content. The accumulation of organic carbon and dry matter in root and leaf of No. 27 ranked higher level than those of No. 6 during bolting, flowering and podding stages, while the results at harvest stage exhibited the contrary trend. Additionally, organic carbon accumulation and dry matter in leaf of No. 27 was lower than that of No. 6 under N-deficient condition at harvest stage, but the result was opposite under N-sufficient condition. The organic carbon and dry matter accumulation in flower, silique and rapeseed of No. 27 were higher than those of No. 6 at reproductive stage, while vegetative growth state exhibited the opposite results in rape stem. Meanwhile, the organic carbon and dry matter in stem of No. 27 accumulated remarkably at podding stage. The organic carbon accumulation of No. 27 was higher than that of No. 6 at early growth period, while the carbon and dry matter of reproductive organs and stem in No. 27 ranked higher level compared to No. 6 at later growth stage. The two varieties showed high rapeseed yield but low oil content under two N application levels, and dry matter accumulation of nutritive organs declined remarkably. The organic carbon accumulation was tightly correlated with rapeseed oil content. In total, carbon accumulation of No. 27 is stronger than that of No. 6 at early stage, meanwhile, organic carbon, dry mass at lately growth stage and stem transportation is also stronger.
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