Abstract: Mosaic disease caused by viral infection is one of the key factors restricting the yield and quality of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), and screening disease-resistant varieties is the fundamental solution. In this study, four major cultivated passion fruit varieties were used to evaluate the resistance differences to mosaic disease via mechanical inoculation with Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). The leaf anatomical structures and micro-morphological characteristics of the four varieties were systematically compared using scanning electron microscopy and paraffin section techniques. Meanwhile, key morphological indicators related to mosaic disease resistance were screened through correlation analysis. The results showed that the leaf epidermis of disease-resistant varieties was covered with a uniform and dense flaky waxy layer, with relatively low stomatal density and stomatal size, thicker leaves and denser cell structure. Correlation analysis further confirmed that stomatal density and stomatal size were extremely significantly negatively correlated with disease resistance, while leaf thickness and compactness were significantly positively correlated with disease resistance. This study revealed that the resistance of passion fruit to mosaic disease is closely related to the physical defense structure of leaves. The key structural indicators screened can provide a reliable morphological basis for disease-resistant breeding of passion fruit.

Key words: passion fruit, mosaic disease resistance, disease index, microstructrue, stoma, physical defense

摘要： 由病毒侵染引发的花叶病是制约西番莲（百香果）产量与品质的重要因素之一，选育抗病品种是防控该病的根本途径。本研究以4个西番莲主栽品种为材料，通过摩擦接种黄瓜花叶病毒，鉴定不同品种对花叶病的抗病性差异；并结合扫描电镜与石蜡切片技术，系统比较各品种叶片的解剖结构及微形态特征，通过相关性分析筛选与花叶病抗性相关的关键形态指标。结果表明，抗病品种叶片表皮具有均匀致密的片状蜡质层，气孔密度及气孔尺寸相对较低，叶片更厚，细胞结构更为致密。相关性分析显示，气孔密度、气孔大小与抗病性呈极显著负相关，叶片厚度及细胞致密程度与抗病性呈显著正相关，这些形态指标可为西番莲抗病育种提供重要的形态学依据。

关键词: 西番莲, 花叶病抗性, 病情指数, 显微结构, 气孔, 物理防御