温度胁迫对兜兰属植物光合特性的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2025.06.007

亚热带植物科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 653-659.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2025.06.007

温度胁迫对兜兰属植物光合特性的影响

潘仁富^1,2，胡超²，龚海光³，李明河¹，黄卫昌^1,2*

(1. 福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院，福建福州 350108；2. 上海辰山植物园 / 华东野生濒危资源植物保育中心，上海 201602；3. 广州市林业和园林科学研究院，广东广州 510405)

收稿日期:2025-03-06 接受日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2025-12-31 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 黄卫昌
基金资助:
上海市绿化和市容管理局科学技术项目(G242418)；福建省自然科学基金杰青项目(2024J010023)

Impacts of Temperature Stress on Photosynthesis Characteristics of Paphiopedilum Species

PAN Ren-fu^1,2, HU Chao², GONG Hai-guang³, LI Ming-he¹, HUANG Wei-chang^1,2*

(1. College of Landscape and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, Fujian China; 2. Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai 201602, China; 3. Department of Botany, Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong China)

Received:2025-03-06 Accepted:2025-04-09 Online:2025-12-31 Published:2025-12-31
Contact: HUANG Wei-chang

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究不同温度对兜兰属植物光合特性的影响，以不同海拔高度及生境的苍叶兜兰Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum、红旗兜兰P. charlesworthii、麻栗坡兜兰P. malipoense为材料，设置低温胁迫 (15 ℃)、室温 (22 ℃，CK) 和高温胁迫 (30 ℃) 3个温度梯度，每个梯度下再设短期 (1 d) 和长期 (7 d) 胁迫处理，测定叶片气体交换参数(净光合速率 Pn、气孔导度 Gs、蒸腾速率 Tr)和叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明，长期高温胁迫后3种兜兰的气体交换参数呈上升趋势；长期低温胁迫后苍叶兜兰和红旗兜兰的气体交换参数呈下降趋势，但麻栗坡兜兰呈上升趋势。长期低温和高温胁迫后3种兜兰初始荧光(Fo)值均呈上升趋势；而长期高温胁迫后最大荧光产量(Fm)、光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光合效率(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在光合效率(Fv/Fo)呈上升趋势，但长期低温胁迫时呈下降趋势。综上，在低温和高温胁迫下，3种兜兰的光合作用均受抑制，且受低温胁迫的影响更为严重；麻栗坡兜兰在低温和高温胁迫下均具有较强的适应能力，而红旗兜兰和苍叶兜兰仅对高温胁迫具有一定的适应能力。研究揭示了3种生境的兜兰属植物对高温和低温胁迫的生理响应，为相似生境的兜兰属植物引种、保育与栽培工作提供参考。

关键词: 兜兰属, 温度胁迫, 光抑制, 环境适应

Abstract: Paphiopedilum glaucophyllum, P. charlesworthii, and P. malipoense, which differ in habitat and altitude, were selected to investigate the effects of different temperature stress (low, normal, and high) on the photosynthetic characteristics of Paphiopedilum. Three temperature gradients were set: low-temperature stress (15 ℃), room temperature (22 ℃, CK), and high-temperature stress (30 ℃), with each gradient subjected to short-term (1 d) and long-term (7 d) treatments. Leaf gas exchange parameters (net photosynthetic rate Pn, stomatal conductance Gs, transpiration rate Tr) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured. The results showed that, in terms of gas exchange parameters, Pn, Gs, and Tr of the three species all increased under long-term high-temperature stress. Conversely, Pn, Gs, and Tr were decreased under long-term low-temperature stress, except for P. malipoense. In terms of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, the initial fluorescence (Fo) was generally increased under long-term temperature stresses. The maximum fluorescence (Fm), the potential photochemical efficiency of photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) (Fv/Fo), and the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ (Fv/Fm) of three species all exhibited an increase under high-temperature stress but decreased under low-temperature stress. These findings demonstrated that the photosynthesis in three Paphiopedilum species was inhibited by both low and high temperature stresses, with greater pronounced suppression at low temperatures. These results indicated that P. malipoense possesses a stronger adaptive capacity under low and high temperature stresses, while P. charlesworthii and P. glaucophyllum adapted better to high temperatures. This study provides insights into the physiological response mechanisms of three Paphiopedilum species from different habitats to low and high temperature stresses, offering theoretical support for the introduction, conservation, and cultivation of Paphiopedilum species in similar habitats.

Key words: Paphiopedilum, temperature stress, photoinhibition, environmental adaptation

中图分类号:

Q945

潘仁富, 胡超, 龚海光, 李明河, 黄卫昌. 温度胁迫对兜兰属植物光合特性的影响[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2025, 54(6): 653-659.

PAN Ren-fu, HU Chao, GONG Hai-guang, LI Ming-he, HUANG Wei-chang. Impacts of Temperature Stress on Photosynthesis Characteristics of Paphiopedilum Species[J]. Subtropical Plant Science, 2025, 54(6): 653-659.

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温度胁迫对兜兰属植物光合特性的影响

Impacts of Temperature Stress on Photosynthesis Characteristics of Paphiopedilum Species

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