Abstract: The chlorophyll content and anatomical structure of leaves of different varieties of Cymbidium goeringii were compared to provide basic data and theoretical reference for their cultivation management, variety improvement and leaf function analysis. Seventeen varieties of C. goeringii were selected to determine the chlorophyll content, stomatal structure and cross-sectional structure of their leaves by using the SPAD chlorophyll meter method, nail polish method and freehand sectioning method. The results showed that there were significant differences in chlorophyll content among the varieties of C. goeringii, with SPAD values ranging from 43.07 to 67.84. Among them, the SPAD value of 'Jinxiu Zhonghua' was the lowest and that of 'Lvying' was the highest. The stomatal structure of leaves of C. goeringii showed that the stomatal long axis of 'Jinxiu Zhonghua' was the smallest and that of 'Xueshan' was the largest; the stomatal short axis and stomatal area of 'Datuanyuan' were the smallest and those of 'Xiaodamei' were the largest; the stomatal density of 'Xueshan' was the smallest and that of 'Huanqiu' was the largest. The cross-sectional structure of leaves of C. goeringii showed that the upper epidermis thickness of 'Datuanyuan' was the smallest and that of 'Longzi' was the largest; the lower epidermis thickness of 'Jinxiu Zhonghua' was the smallest and that of 'Zhonghua Yipinmei' was the largest; the long axis of leaf vein of 'Tianpeng Mudan' was the smallest, the short axis of leaf vein of 'Xiaodamei' was the smallest, and the long axis and short axis of leaf vein of 'Dayuanbao' were the largest; the leaf thickness of 'Jinxiu Zhonghua' was the smallest, the mesophyll thickness of 'Yuhuadie' was the smallest, and the leaf thickness and mesophyll thickness of 'Guiyuan' were the largest. The correlation analysis revealed varying degrees of correlation among the leaf indicators of C. goeringii. The SPAD value showed a highly significant positive correlation with leaf thickness, and significant positive correlations with short axis of leaf vein and mesophyll thickness. The stomatal area demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation with stomatal long axis and stomatal short axis, while showing a significant negative correlation with short axis of leaf vein. The long axis of leaf vein exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with short axis of leaf vein. The leaf thickness demonstrated a highly significant positive correlation with mesophyll thickness. There were significant differences in chlorophyll content and anatomical structure among seventeen varieties of C. goeringii, indicating that there might be significant differences in photosynthetic capacity and stress resistance among the varieties.

Key words: Cymbidium goeringii, chlorophyll, SPAD value, stomata, cross-sectional structure

摘要： 比较春兰Cymbidium goeringii不同品种叶片叶绿素含量和解剖结构，为其栽培管理、品种改良及叶片功能分析提供基础数据和理论参考。选取17个春兰品种，应用SPAD叶绿素仪法、指甲油法和徒手切片法，观测记录各品种叶片的叶绿素含量、气孔结构和横切结构。结果表明，春兰品种的叶绿素含量存在显著差异，SPAD值范围在43.07～67.84之间，其中‘锦绣中华’的SPAD值最低，‘绿瑛’的SPAD值最高。春兰叶片气孔结构显示，‘锦绣中华’的气孔长轴最小，‘雪山’的最大；‘大团圆’的气孔短轴和气孔面积均最小，‘小打梅’的气孔短轴和气孔面积均最大；‘雪山’的气孔密度最小，‘环球’的最大。春兰叶片横切结构显示，‘大团圆’的上表皮厚度最小，‘龙字’的最大；‘锦绣中华’的下表皮厚度最小，‘中华一品梅’的最大；‘天彭牡丹’的叶脉长轴最小，‘小打梅’的叶脉短轴最小，‘大元宝’的叶脉长轴和叶脉短轴均最大；‘锦绣中华’的叶片厚度最小，‘余蝴蝶’的叶肉厚度最小，‘桂圆’的叶片厚度和叶肉厚度均最大。相关性分析显示，春兰叶片指标间存在不同程度的相关性，春兰SPAD值与叶片厚度呈极显著正相关，与叶脉短轴、叶肉厚度呈显著正相关；气孔面积与气孔长轴、气孔短轴呈极显著正相关，与叶脉短轴呈显著负相关；叶脉长轴与叶脉短轴呈极显著正相关；叶片厚度与叶肉厚度呈极显著正相关。17个春兰品种的叶绿素含量和解剖结构具有显著差异，表明品种间光合能力和抗逆性可能存在较大差异。

关键词: 春兰, 叶绿素, SPAD值, 气孔, 横切结构