亚热带植物科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (3): 228-241.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.03.008

• 植物生理生化与分子生物学 • 上一篇    下一篇

14种川西北高山野生功能性草本花卉植物种子萌发特性

杨马进*,黄文娟,李 臻,唐霄铧,韩菊兰,叶昌华   

  1. (四川省农业特色植物研究院,四川 内江 641200)
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-12 接受日期:2023-05-08 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-08-24
  • 通讯作者: 杨马进
  • 基金资助:
    四川省省级公益性科研单位基本科研业务费专项资金项目(21JDKY07);四川省农业科学院资源及品种创新项目(23LKYCX1-3)

Seed Germination of 14 Wild Functional Ornamental Herbaceous Species from the Northwest Sichuan

YANG Ma-jin*, HUANG Wen-juan, LI Zhen, TANG Xiao-hua, HAN Ju-lan, YE Chang-hua   

  1. (Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Characteristic Plants, Neijiang 641200, Sichuan China)
  • Received:2023-03-12 Accepted:2023-05-08 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-08-24
  • Contact: YANG Ma-jin

摘要: 以川西北地域14种特色功能性草本花卉植物种子为试材,采用不同储藏方式和萌发前处理方式在成都平原地区开展种子萌发实验,探讨高山草本植物在低海拔地带适宜育苗的种子储藏方式及解除休眠的方法。结果表明:①宝兴百合Lilium duchartrei、倒提壶Cynoglossum amabile、银莲花Anemone cathayensis、钟花报春Primula sikkimensis、长梗紫菀Aster dolichopodus植物种子在储藏前后均保持较高活力、萌发能力强,雪山报春Primula nivalis、桃儿七Sinopodophyllum hexandrum、全缘叶绿绒蒿Meconopsis integrifolia储藏后种子萌发能力明显增强;②不同储藏方式对14种植物种子发芽率影响极显著(P<0.01),沙藏环境优于干燥低温环境,室外干燥通风环境最次,整体以低温3 ℃沙藏种子萌发率最高;③不同种子处理方式对14种高山草本花卉植物种子发芽率影响极显著(P<0.01),GA3溶液和6-BA溶液浸种对种子萌发影响最为明显,前者整体促进,后者则整体抑制,物理损伤和硫酸侵蚀显著降低发芽率;④低温3 ℃沙藏、GA3溶液浸种、清水浸种、超声波震荡对多数植物种子的萌发进程缩短效果明显。倒提壶、银莲花、甘西鼠尾草Salvia przewalskii、草玉梅Anemone rivularis、长梗紫菀幼苗在成都平原地区自然环境下生长较好,能适应当地夏季高温天气,表现出较强的适应性。

关键词: 川西北, 功能性植物, 草本植物, 种子萌发

Abstract: By different storage methods and different seed treatments, 14 wild functional ornamental herbaceous species occurring in the Northwest Sichuan were used as experimental materials to carry out seed germination, and based on the germination characteristics of each species to explore the suitable storage methods and dormancy removal methods of seed breeding in low altitude areas. The results indicated that: ① Lilium duchartrei, Cynoglossum amabile, Anemone cathayensis, Primula sikkimensis, Aster dolichopodus maintained high vigor and strong germination ability before and after storage, and the seed germination abilities of Primula nivalis, Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, Meconopsis integrifolia were obviously enhanced after storage; ② The effects of different storage methods on seed germination rate of 14 species were significant (P<0.01), sand storage was superior to dry and low temperature storage, and the germination rate of seeds under sand storage was the highest at low temperature of 3 ℃; ③ The effects of different seed treatments on seed germination rate of 14 species were significant (P<0.01), and the seed germination rate was most significantly different deal with the treatment of gibberellin solution and 6-BA solution. Gibberellin solution promoted the seed germination, while the 6-BA solution had opposite effect, and mechanical peeling and sulphuric acid treatment significantly reduced the germination rate; ④ The germination process of most plant seeds was shortened obviously by methods of low temperature of 3 ℃ in sand storage, Gibberellin immersion, water immersion and ultrasonic shock. Cynoglossum amabile, Anemone cathayensis, Salvia przewalskii, Anemone rivularis and Aster dolichopodus seedlings were adapted to the natural environment of Chengdu and showed strong adaptability in summer.

Key words: the northwest Sichuan areas, functional species, herbaceous plants, seed germination

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