Abstract: In order to screen suitable Bougainvillea varieties for coastal urban landscaping, salt spray resistant of five varieties commonly used in Xiamen were comprehensively evaluated. The seedlings of five Bougainvillea varieties, namely, B. glabra 'Mrs. Eva Mauve Variegata', B. buttiana 'Miss Manila', B. glabra 'Elizabeth Angus', B. glabra 'Magnifica' and B. glabra 'Alba' were used as experimental materials. The NaCl solution was sprayed with an ultrasonic humidification sprayer to simulate salt spray stress. The morphological changes of the plants were observed regularly, and the relative chlorophyll content, relative water content, superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline content of the leaves were measured. The results showed that salt spray stress caused yellowing, scorching, and shedding of Bougainvillea leaves, and the severity increased with the increase of treatment time. 'Elizabeth Angus' and 'Magnifica' were the most affected, and the appearance of 'Mrs. Eva Mauve Variegata' was less affected. Compared with the control, the relative chlorophyll contents and relative water contents of each variety decreased significantly, with different degrees of decline. Under salt spray treatment, the MDA content of 'Mrs. Eva Mauve Variegata' and 'Elizabeth Angus' did not change significantly with the increase of time; compared with the control, the MDA content of 'Alba' showed a gradual downward trend, 'Elizabeth Angus' and 'Magnifica' gradually increased, while ‘Miss Manila’ first decreased and then increased, and 'Mrs. Eva Mauve Variegata' first increased and then decreased. Compared with the control, except for 'Elizabeth Angus' and 'Magnifica', the SOD activity of the other varieties increased to a certain extent; with the increase of time, the SOD activity of most varieties showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The changing trend of proline content in each variety first increased and then decreased with the passage of time, and the increase in 'Alba' was the largest. The fuzzy mathematical membership function analysis showed that the salt spray resistance of the five varieties was ranked as follows: 'Alba'＞'Mrs. Eva Mauve Variegata'＞ ‘Miss Manila’＞ 'Elizabeth Angus'＞'Magnifica'.

Key words: Bougainvillea, salt spray, subordinate function

摘要： 为提高滨海城市园林绿化质量，筛选耐盐雾三角梅Bougainvillea品种，以厦门地区常用的三角梅品种‘银边浅紫’‘同安红’‘云南紫’‘小叶紫’‘白苞’扦插苗为对象，通过超声波加湿喷雾器喷洒NaCl溶液模拟盐雾胁迫，定期观察植株形态变化，测定叶片生理指标动态，综合评价不同品种的耐盐雾特性。结果表明，盐雾胁迫造成三角梅各品种叶片发黄、枯焦和脱落，且随处理时间延长而加重，‘云南紫’和‘小叶紫’受害最明显，‘银边浅紫’形态受影响较小。与对照相比，各品种叶片相对叶绿素含量和相对含水量均显著下降，下降幅度品种间有差别。盐雾处理下，‘银边浅紫’‘云南紫’叶片MDA含量随处理时间增加无显著变化；与对照相比，‘白苞’的MDA含量呈逐渐下降趋势，‘云南紫’和‘小叶紫’逐渐上升，而‘同安红’先下降后上升，‘银边浅紫’先上升后下降。与对照相比，除‘云南紫’和‘小叶紫’外，其余品种SOD活性均有一定程度增加；随着时间的增加，大部分品种的SOD活性呈先上升后下降趋势。各品种脯氨酸含量的变化趋势均随时间的增加先上升后下降，‘白苞’的上升幅度最大。通过模糊数学隶属函数分析综合评价5个三角梅品种的盐雾抗性依次为‘白苞’＞‘银边浅紫’＞‘同安红’＞‘云南紫’＞‘小叶紫’。

关键词: 三角梅, 盐雾, 隶属函数