Abstract: The phenotypic traits of 22 germplasms of nobile-type Dendrobium were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated by means of coefficient of variation analysis, correlation analysis and factor analysis. The results showed that there were different degrees of differences in the performance of quantitative and qualitative traits of these germplasms. There were distinctive differences on 13 quantitative traits with variation coefficients ranging from 22.80% to 110.41%. The coefficient of variation showed that number of flowers, number of inflorescences, total number of branches, number of flowering branches, and flowering period of a single flower were high (coefficient of variation＞50%). The results of correlation analysis showed that the quantitative traits of 22 germplasms were correlated with each other in terms of flowering period of a single flower, flower transverse diameter, flower longitudinal diameter, total number of flowers per plant, total number of branches, number of flowering branches, number of inflorescences, leaf length, leaf width, stem thickness, plant height, and so on. Factor analysis showed that the tested cultivars of nobile-type Dendrobium with better ornamental performance were: ‘Queen’, D. thyrsiflorum, ‘Red Star’, D. williamsonii, ‘Snowy Jade’, ‘Oriental Smile’, ‘Splash Ink Rose’, ‘Splash Ink Pink Fantasy’, ‘Mt. Fuji Heart of Redness’, and ‘Fairy's Kiss’.

Key words: nobile-type Dendrobium, cultivar, phenotypic trait, comprehensive analysis

摘要： 为更好地利用春石斛种质资源，筛选出观赏性较好的品种用于育种和市场推广，通过变异系数分析、相关性分析及因子分析等多种方法，对22份春石斛种质资源表型性状开展综合评价。结果表明，22份春石斛的数量性状和质量性状均存在不同程度差异；13个数量性状变异系数为22.80%～110.41%，花朵数、花序数量、总枝数、开花枝数、单朵花期等性状变异系数较高(变异系数＞50%)；相关性分析表明，参试春石斛在单朵花期、花横径、花纵径、单株总花数、总枝数、开花枝数、花序数量、叶长、叶宽、茎粗、株高等数量性状相互间存在相关性；因子分析表明，参试春石斛观赏性表现较好的品种有‘女王’、球花石斛、‘红星’、黑毛石斛、‘雪玉’‘东方微笑’‘泼墨玫瑰’‘泼墨粉梦幻’ ‘富士山红心’‘仙女之吻’。

关键词: 春石斛, 品种, 表型性状, 综合分析