Abstract: To explore the relationship between the functional properties and ecological adaptability of angiosperms in the special habitat of the Mengdong River Valley in Hunan, the method of combining line survey and sample survey was adopted to investigate and analyzed from life habits, leaf properties, sexual system, fruit type and seed transmission of angiosperms in the Mengdong River Valley. The results indicated that: (1) The Life habits in this area was mainly herbaceous, indicating that the valley habitat was more suitable for the development and survival of herbaceous. (2)The shape of leaf organs was dominated by papery leaves, leaf two sides glabrous and the middle leaf type, forming a series of features adapted to river valley habitats. (3) In terms of sexual system composition, the family was dominated by two or more sexual systems, and the genus and species were dominated by hermaphroditism, indicating that the plant propagation in the river valley habitat were diverse. (4)The fruit types were abundant, among which capsules, berries and achenes appear more frequently, and with dried fruit based, indicating that the river valley habitat was highly heterogeneous and was also suitable for the survival of dried fruit plants. (5) The main method of seed transmission was mechanical transmission, showing that the gradient of the river valley was steep hence it was suitable for the seeds to roll automatically for a long distance to spread.

Key words: special habitat, river valley, plant functional properties, ecological adaptation, Mengdong river

摘要： 为探究湘西北猛洞河河谷特殊生境被子植物功能性状和生态适应性之间的关系，采用线路踏查与样地调查相结合的方法对猛洞河被子植物的生活型、叶性质、性系统、果实类型及种子传播方式进行调查分析。结果表明：(1)该区生活型以草本为主，说明河谷生境较适宜草本植物的发展与生存。(2)叶器官形态以纸质叶、叶两面都无毛被及中叶型为主，形成了一系列对河谷生境适应的特征。(3)在性系统组成上，科以2种及2种以上的性系统为主，属和种以两性花性系统为主，说明河谷生境中的植物繁殖方式多样。(4)果实类型丰富，其中蒴果、浆果及瘦果出现频率较高，以干果类为主，表明河谷生境异质性较高且适宜干果类植物生存。(5)种子传播方式以机械传播为主，说明河谷的较大坡度易于种子滚动较长距离传播。

关键词: 特殊生境, 河谷, 植物功能性状, 生态适应, 猛洞河