Abstract: This study established two irrigation modes, namely sprinkler irrigation and non-irrigation, combined with four nitrogen (N) application levels: no nitrogen application (N0), 4 kg·667 m⁻² (N1), 8 kg·667 m⁻² (N2), and 12 kg·667 m⁻² (N3), resulting in a total of eight treatments. The objective was to investigate the effects of different nitrogen application levels on the physiological growth indices, yield, soil moisture content, and water-nitrogen use efficiency of Angelica sinensis produced in Minxian County, Gansu Province. The results indicated that during the seedling stage of A. sinensis, compared to the non-irrigation treatment, sprinkler irrigation increased the soil moisture content in the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers by 17.82% and 27.61%, respectively (P < 0.05). Under N2 and N3 levels, the plant height of A. sinensis under sprinkler irrigation was 6.19% and 2.89% higher, respectively, than that under non-irrigation, and significantly higher than that under the N1 level under the same conditions. Regarding the relative chlorophyll content and leaf nitrogen content of leaves, apart from the seedling stage, both parameters exhibited an increasing trend with increasing nitrogen application under the two irrigation methods. Moreover, under N2 and N3 levels, sprinkler irrigation treatments showed significantly higher values than non-irrigation treatments, and the sprinkler irrigation treatment at N2 level demonstrated a certain improvement compared to the non-irrigation treatment at N3 level. The water-nitrogen use efficiency under the sprinkler irrigation treatment at N2 level was slightly lower than that at the level of N3 by 1.52%, but significantly higher than that under the non-irrigation treatment at the level of N3 by 6.21%, with the water use efficiency reaching its maximum. Therefore, considering both yield and water use efficiency, a nitrogen application rate of 8 kg·667 m⁻² combined with sprinkler irrigation is recommended for achieving efficient cultivation and optimized resource utilization of A. sinensis.

Key words: Angelica sinensis; sprinkler irrigation; nitrogen application level; yield; water and nitrogen use efficiency

摘要： 设置喷灌和未灌溉两种灌溉模式，结合未施氮(N0)、4 kg·667 m–2 (N1)、8 kg·667 m–2 (N2)、12 kg·667 m–2 (N3) 等4个施氮水平共8个处理，研究不同施氮水平对甘肃岷县产当归Angelica sinensis生理生长指标、产量、土壤含水率及水氮利用效率的影响。结果表明，在当归苗期，与未灌溉处理相比，喷灌处理使0～20 cm和20～40 cm土层的土壤含水率分别提高17.82%和27.61% (P＜0.05)。在N2与N3水平下，喷灌当归株高均高于未灌溉处理6.19%和2.89%，且显著高于相同条件下N1水平。对于叶片叶绿素相对含量和叶面氮含量，除苗期外，两种灌溉方式下，叶片叶绿素相对含量和叶面氮含量均随施氮量增加呈升高趋势；同时，在N2、N3水平下，喷灌处理均显著高于未灌溉处理，且喷灌N2水平下较未灌溉N3处理有一定的提高。喷灌N2水平的水氮利用效率略低于N3水平(1.52%)，但显著高于未灌溉N3水平(6.21%)，且水分利用效率达最大。因此，综合考虑产量与水分利用效率，推荐施氮量8 kg·667 m–2结合喷灌处理，以实现当归的高效栽培和资源优化利用。

关键词: 当归；喷灌；施氮水平；产量；水氮利用效率