Subtropical Plant Science

Analysis of Photosynthetic Characteristics of 17 Varieties of Cymbidium ensifolium

ZHOU Jie, YANG Yu-ming, LAN Lin-ying, XU Yan-fang, ZHENG Qing-dong, XIE Tai-xiang, AI Ye

2020, 49(05): 329-334. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.001

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Seventeen varieties of Cymbidium ensifolium were used as experimental materials to analyze their photosynthetic characteristics. The chlorophyll was extracted by modified acetone method, and then the photosynthetic pigment content was calculated by the Arnon acetone method formula. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were measured by the Czech FluorCam open chlorophyll fluorometer. The results showed that the photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of 17 C. ensifolium varieties showed different degrees of difference. Among them, the content of photosynthetic pigment parameters of C. ensifolium ‘Tiegusu’, C. ensifolium ‘Yihongshuangjiao’ and C. ensifolium ‘Minnanhuangdie’ were higher than other varieties, indicating that these three varieties had good photosynthetic efficiency and strong ability to absorb light energy. In addition, the maximum fluorescence yield (Fm), Kautsky effect maximum fluorescence (Fp), PS Ⅱ original light energy conversion efficiency (Fv/Fm) and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) of ‘Tiegusu’ were higher than those of other varieties. In summary, ‘Tiegusu’ had the best photosynthetic and physiological characteristics and could be promoted as an excellent planting resource.

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Physiological Response of Three Camellia japonica Cultivars under Drought Stress

TAN Sha, LAI Lu-wei, HUANG Yong-fang, YE Xiao-ping, TAN Jian-bin, XU Xiong-jian

2020, 49(05): 335-339. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.002

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The drought resistance of three Camellia japonica cultivars was carried out by subordinate function values analysis and the physiological responses under drought stress. Potted seedlings of C. japonica ‘Hongluzhen’, ‘Hongliujiao’ and ‘High Fragrance’ were used as experiment materials, the relative water content, chlorophyll content, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and other physiological indexes were measured. Through the analysis of 7 physiological indexes, the results showed that the drought resistance from strong to weak was ‘Hongliujiao’ > ‘Hongluzhen’ > ‘High Fragrance’.

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Preservative Effects of Bacillus licheniformis W10 and Its Antifungal Protein on Storage of Peach Fruits

HE Hui-wen, SUN Li-ping

2020, 49(05): 340-344. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.003

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In order to discuss the preservative effects of Bacillus licheniformis W10 and its antifungal protein on peach fruits, the effects of bacterial suspensions and antifungal proteins on quality indexes of Amygdalus persica ‘Huyou 018’ were researched at room temperature (25 ℃). The results showed that the bacterial suspensions and antifungal proteins could improve fruit chromatic aberration, firmness, soluble solid content, weight loss and rotting rate during storage. In addition, the bacterial suspensions and antifungal proteins significantly reduced the natural decay rates of peach fruits during storage, and the effects of bacterial suspension were equal to carbendazim. There were no significant differences between bacterial suspensions and antifungal proteins in improving the quality of peach fruits during storage. Bacillus licheniformis W10 had a good storage and fresh-keeping effect on post-harvest peaches and had great application prospect.

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Effect of Preservative on Cut Leaves of Asparagus cochinchinensis

YANG Yun-ying, LU Shu-yi, WANG Ting-qin

2020, 49(05): 345-350. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.004

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In this experiment, 150 mg·L-1 citric acid+500 mg·L-1 CaCl2+1 mg·L-1 6-BA was used as the base solution, and preservatives of sucrose and penicillin were added in with different concentrations for the bottle insertion test to study the effects of preservative on vase life, degree of yellowing and physiological changes of cut leaves of Asparagus cochinchinensis. The results showed that the base solution with 100 mg·L-1 penicillin + 0.25% sucrose preservation solution had best preservation effect on cut leaves of A. cochinchinensis. Compared with CK, the vase life was extended by 11.3 days; yellowing occurs 4 days later than the control; the peak of chlorophyll content was delayed by 3 days; the fresh weight change rate was delayed by 2 days and reached the peak, and maintained at a higher level; relative conductivity and MDA maintained a low level; POD activity was delayed for 3 days and peaked, and POD activity was higher than the control, CAT activity was delayed for 6 days and peaked, and maintained a high level. Therefore, the appropriate concentration of sucrose and penicillin could slow down the decline of chlorophyll content and leaf fresh weight, inhibit the production of leaf inner membrane lipid peroxidation product MDA, maintain the relative stability of leaf membrane structure, enhance POD and CAT activity, and maintain asparagus cut leaves.

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Preparation and Main Aroma Analysis of Paeonia suffruticosa Tea

SHEN Qing-yu, YE Qiu-ping, HONG Cui-yun, SHI Jian-yu, CHANG Qiang, WANG Hui-qiong

2020, 49(05): 351-357. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.005

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Using the isolated scenting method, the principal factors including the flower dhool and the amount of flowers were studied during scenting process for peony tea with the petals of Paeonia suffruticosa var. papaveracea as the material. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: the temperature 21 ℃, the relative humidity 90%, and the scenting time 48 h. After one scenting and one aroma improving process , the aroma was sharp and lasting, and the taste of tea soup was mellow and fresh by sensory evaluation. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to test and analyze the aroma components. The results showed that the fresh petal ratio of 5:1 scented tea contained higher content of phenylethanol, geraniol and nerol. Its aroma was high, the tea soup was mellow, and the content of above mentioned compounds with the ratio of 2.5:1 was the second, while the mixed tea was not fresh and refreshing. The teas produced by fermentation or rolling petals scenting contain higher ethanol, linalool epoxide and higher alkanes, and their main aroma compounds of purple spot were lower than that of fresh petals. Their flavor was obvious and tea soup was turbid.

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Preliminary Study of Genetic Transformation System of Jasmine Stem Segment

ZHANG Yue, CHEN Feng, LU Ying, YUAN Yuan*, CHEN Qing-xi

2020, 49(05): 358-362. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.006

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In this study, the genetic transformation system of jasmine was studied. The stem segment of the annual shoots of Jasminum sambac was used as the explants. The results showed that the resistant stem segments and callus with high survival rate could be obtained under the conditions that treating with agrobacterium infection after 7 d pre-culture, and then culturing on the screening medium with Kan concentration of 80 to 100 mg·L-1. The GFP gene was transformed into jasmine stem segments and screened, and GFP fluorescence was detected in the stem segments that pre-cultured for 7 d and then screened for 3 d or 30 d after transformation, and also detected in the stem callus that pre-cultured for 20 d and screened for 14 d after transformation, indicating that GFP gene successfully transformed into jasmine stem segments. The results indicated that the transformation system was feasible, which laid a foundation for subsequent functional studies of jasmine genes.

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Preservation and Germination of Alpinia oxyphylla Seeds from Three Regions

LIANG Peng, WANG Jian-rui, CUI Da-fang

2020, 49(05): 363-368. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.007

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Alpinia oxyphylla was one of the four famous south medicines in China．Its seeds were the recalcitrant seeds, which could not be preserved for long and has low germination rate. This study was to research preservation and germination traits of A. oxyphylla seed from Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. The results showed that through 0.4% TCC water bath dyeing the low temperature moisturizing conditions conducive to the storage of A. oxyphylla seeds. A. oxyphylla in the low temperature storage conditions under short-term storage of up to 150 d for a long time. the germination rate was 88%(Guangdong Sanling Mountain production A. oxyphylla), 88%(Guangxi Yulin production A. oxyphylla), and 90% (Hainan Wuzhishan Mountain production A. oxyphylla), respectively, when the germination time was shorter, and the seed germination relative concentrations were about 30 ℃, and soaked by GA3 500 mg·L-1 for 12 h. There was no significant difference in seed germination between the seeds from three provenances.

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Fruit Epidermal Micro-morphology of 17 Species of Prunus Sensu Lato

SHI Wen-ting, WU Bao-huan, HUANG Wen-xin, LIU Chao-yu, CUI Da-fang

2020, 49(05): 369-377. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.008

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In this paper, the micro-morphological features of fruit epidermis of 17 species (including 7 cultivars) in Prunus (sensu lato) were investigated using Zeiss Axio observer Z1 under bright field. The fruit epidermis exhibited diverse micro-morphologies. The type of stomatal complex, shape of stomata, size of stomata, density of stomata, and the ornamentation around the stomata show uniqueness in different taxa of Prunus. Some features such as the anticlinal cell wall pattern, cuticle ornamentation and the type of stomatal complex, appear to differentiate in different taxa within the genus, and show transition and continuity between the subgenera. Some micro-morphological features of fruit epidermis are helpful in identifying the species to which the fruits belong. The micro-morphological features of the fruit epidermis vary among different taxa of Prunus, reflecting the adaptation of different taxa to the ecological environment.

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Excellent Provenance Selection of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum in Fujian Province

ZHANG Xiao-di

2020, 49(05): 378-382. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.009

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In this study, the roots of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum from different geographical provenances in Fujian were used as materials, and the total flavonoid contents in the roots were compared. The total flavonoids content in the roots was used as an indicator to perform systematic clustering, and the correlation between geography, climate factors and total flavonoids content was explored. The results showed that the total flavonoid contents in the roots of T. hemsleyanum from different provenances were extremely different, and the total flavonoids content in the roots of T. hemsleyanum from the same source were not significantly different. The 24 geographical provenances of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum could be divided into 3 categories based on the total flavonoids content in the roots. The first category includes 6 geographical provenances: Ningde Zhouning, Ningde Gutian, Sanming Datian, Quanzhou Yongchun, Nanping Jian’ou, and Sanming Yong’an. The second category includes 4 geographical provenances: Sanming Jiangle, Sanming Youxi, Longyan Liancheng, Fuzhou Yongtai. The third category includes 14 geographical provenances: Longyan Xinluo, Fuzhou Minhou, Nanping Yanping, Quanzhou Dehua, Zhangzhou Nanjing, Longyan Yongding, Xiamen Tong’an, Longyan Wuping, Putian Xianyou, Nanping Guangze, Nanping Shunchang, Sanming Sha County, Nanping Pucheng, Zhangzhou Changtai. Among them, the average content of total flavonoids of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum from the first type of provenance was 28.77 mg·g-1, which was 60.10% higher than the provincial average. The total flavonoids content of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum had a very significant positive correlation with the provenance altitude, a very significant negative correlation with the provenance annual average temperature, a significant positive correlation with the annual average precipitation, and a significant negative correlation with the frost-free period, but no significant correlation with longitude and latitude.

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Fourth National General Survey on Natural Resources of Medicinal Plants in Shaxian County, Fujian Province

HUANG Nian-xue, WAN Xiao-ying, XIE Xian-jin. FAN Shi-ming, LIN Sheng-nan, HUANG Sheng-rong, LIU Jin-zhang

2020, 49(05): 383-388. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.010

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The background of traditional Chinese medicine resources in Shaxian County, Fujian Province was investigated, and the basic data for the development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine resources and the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry in Shaxian County was also provided. According to Implementation Plan for the Fourth National General Survey of Chinese Medicine Resources, a general survey for general species, a survey of sample recipes and sample lines for key species were carried out, and the survey results were compared with the results of the third survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources. The fourth survey of traditional Chinese medicine plants in Shaxian County collected 1032 species of 638 genera in 180 families, including 92 key species and 41 characteristic species, which were significantly higher than those of the third survey of traditional Chinese medicine resources. Shaxian County is rich in medicinal resources. The medicinal resources should be protected, developed and utilized rationally, and an industrial chain of Chinese medicinal materials should be constructed to promote economic development.

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The Status and Control of Invasive Plants in Haikou

MOU Cun, LIU Wen-jian, ZHENG Xi-long, HU Yan-hua, RAN Juan, WU Lei

2020, 49(05): 389-397. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.011

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An analysis of relevant literature and specimen records was conducted, together with field investigations, to examine the species composition, origin, life form, invasive pathway of alien invasive plants in Haikou, China, and their invasion grades were also rated. The results showed that there were 115 species of invasive alien plants, belonging to 32 families and 83 genera. Among which the largest family was Asteraceae with a number of 23 species (20.0% of the total invasive species of Haikou, the same below). The most invasive plants originated from America were 92 species (80.0%). The majority of invasive species were herbs with a number of 84 species (73.0%); 111 species (96.5%) were intentionally or unintentionally introduced by human activities. Among the invasive plants, there were 12 kinds of serious harm, 24 kinds of general harm, 25 kinds of potential harm, 22 kinds of general alien and 32 kinds to be observed. In addition, several suitable countermeasures to prevent and control the invasive plants for Haikou were proposed.

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Two Newly Recorded Species of Orchidaceae from Guangdong Province

LI Yu-hui, GUO Bao-qin, DENG Bin, WANG Bing-mou, HUANG Yi, CHEN Li-jun, LI Yu-ling

2020, 49(05): 398-400. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.012

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Two species of Orchidaceae, Bulbophyllum violaceolabellum Seidenf. and Paphiopedilum barbigerum T. Tang et F. T. Wang, were reported as new records from Guangdong Province in South China. The voucher specimens were deposited in Dendrological Herbarium, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University (CANT).

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New Records of Saxifragaceae Sensu Lato from Hubei

LIU Qiang, GONG Ren-hu, LEI Min, LIU Xue-qing, ZHANG Dai-gui

2020, 49(05): 401-403. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.013

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Three new records of Saxifragaceae were reported in Hubei, i.e. Saxifraga gemmigera var. gemmigera Engl. ex Diels, S. davidii Franch. and Parnassia dilatata Hand.-Mazz. The voucher specimens were stored in Herbarium of Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (HIB), the herbarium of Jishou University (JIU) and the herbarium of Houhe National Nature Reserve (HHB).

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Three Newly Recorded Species of Vascular Plant from Anhui Province

ZHANG Hong, LIU Yi, XU Jing-lan, WANG Qiong, LI Hui-hui, BAI Zhi-lan, LIU Shou-jin

2020, 49(05): 404-406. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.014

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One Pteridophyte species, Woodwardia unigemmata (Makino) Nakai, was a newly record from Anhui Province. Two Angiospermae species, Lysimachia alfredii Hance and Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl., were new records from Anhui Province. The voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium, Traditional Chinese Medicine Specimen Center, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ACM).

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Herbal Textual Research on Xinghua Snailseed in Bencao Tujing

YANG Hong-xia, CHEN Yu-yan, HUANG Ze-hao

2020, 49(05): 407-410. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2020.05.015

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Textual research on the appended drawings and written records of the Xinghua snailseed in Bencao Tujing was carried out, to explore its original plant variety. Based on the textual research of ancient and modern literatures and the comparative study of botany, the plant morphology, medicinal characteristics, distribution and the efficacy are analyzed, concluding that the Xinghua snailseed in Bencao Tujing should be the present Cocculus orbiculatus (L.) DC. It was expected to provide reference for the evolution of the ancient and modern varieties of snailseed and the research of the plant origin.

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