关键词: 黄河三角洲, 自然保护区, 土地覆被变化

Abstract: The characteristics of land cover and land cover change(LUCC) in nature reserve of Yellow River estuary were analyzed by using three phases landsat remote sensing images of 1992, 2000 and 2010. The results showed that the spatial distribution of land cover types in the natural reserve was sympathetic and the main land covers were the sea, tidal flats and dry land during the periods of 1992—2010. The proportion of the same land cover types in the nature reserve all had changed in different degrees. On the whole, the changes of dry land, reservoir, residential land and other land types were not obvious but there are interannual fluctuations. Although the grassland area decreased continuously, the overall change was not obvious. The changes of the shrub area were also not obvious which varied greatly in the interannual. The reed area was reduced especially in the 1992—2000 years, in which a large number of reeds were transformed into dry land types. The aquaculture area increased widely of 6.24×103　hm2, the increased area mainly formed by development of the beach, Tamarix wetlands and Salsa wetlands in 20 years. The changes of sea area were violent, and the main reason for the reduce of the sea area was the conversion of the sea area to the tidal flat. The LUCC in the natural reserve had changed the structure and reduced the ecological service function of the nature reserve. The reasons for the change of LUCC in the Yellow River estuary were both natural factors and human factors, but the driving forces of LUCC in this area were mainly human activities.

Key words: Yellow River estuary, nature reserve, land cover change