木薯高、低粉品种贮藏根生长关键期的生理生化特性比较

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.001

亚热带植物科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 85-92.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.001

木薯高、低粉品种贮藏根生长关键期的生理生化特性比较

蔡政，孙津梁，刘坤行，李有志，樊宪伟^*

(广西大学生命科学与技术学院／亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室，广西南宁 530004)

收稿日期:2023-01-07 接受日期:2023-01-28 出版日期:2023-04-30 发布日期:2023-05-15
通讯作者: 樊宪伟
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目地区基金(3216150111)；广西自然科学基金重点项目(2021GXNSFDA196009)

Comparison of Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Storage Roots Between High and Low Starch Cultivars of Cassava during the Critical Growth Period

CAI Zheng, SUN Jin-liang, LIU Kun-hang, LI You-zhi, FAN Xian-wei^*

(College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning 530004, Guangxi China)

Received:2023-01-07 Accepted:2023-01-28 Online:2023-04-30 Published:2023-05-15
Contact: FAN Xian-wei

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过研究高粉和低粉木薯Manihot esculenta品种在贮藏根发育关键期(形成-膨大期)主要生理生化性质的差异及其动态变化，为木薯栽培管理和育种改良提供理论基础。对高粉木薯品种‘辐选01’(FX01)和‘Kasetsart 50’ (KU50)以及低粉品种‘华南124’ (SC124)和‘9I’于种植后120、130、140、151和165 d五个时期分别取贮藏根样品，测定淀粉、可溶性糖、脱落酸(ABA)、保护酶、活性氧(ROS)等生理生化指标并分析变化规律。结果表明，可溶性糖含量在木薯皮层中始终高于淀粉储藏区；高粉品种中总可溶性糖含量在贮藏根膨大期快速增加，且表现出较高的抗氧化酶活性和较低的ROS及MDA含量；ABA含量呈现出高粉品种比低粉品种低的趋势。木薯低粉和高粉品种中可溶性糖的分布与其转运后合成淀粉的规律相一致，高粉品种中淀粉的积累速率始终高于低粉品种，其较高的抗氧化酶活性和较低的ROS及MDA含量有利于木薯贮藏根中淀粉的积累。

关键词: 木薯, 淀粉, 可溶性糖, ABA, MDA, ROS

Abstract: This study explored the differences and dynamic changes in the main physiological and biochemical characteristics of roots in high and low starch cultivars of cassava (Manihot esculenta) at key developmental stages (storage root formation and bulking), providing a theoretical basis for cassava management and breeding improvement. Storage root samples of high starch cassava varieties ‘FX01’ and ‘KU50’ and low starch cassava varieties ‘SC124’ and ‘9I’ were selected at 120, 130, 140, 151 and 165 days after planting, respectively. The physiological and biochemical indexes of starch, soluble sugar, abscisic acid (ABA), protective enzyme and ROS were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the soluble sugar content in the cortex of cassava was always higher than that in starch storage area. The soluble sugar content of the high starch varieties increased rapidly during the root expansion period of storage, and showed higher antioxidant enzyme activity and lower ROS and MDA content. ABA content of high starch varieties was lower than that of low starch varieties. Analyzing the effects of these physiological and biochemical parameters on starch accumulation, it was found that the distribution of soluble sugar in low starch and high starch varieties was consistent with the law of starch synthesis after transportation. The starch accumulation rate in high starch varieties was always higher than that in low starch varieties. Their higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower ROS and MDA content were conducive to the starch accumulation in cassava storage roots.

Key words: Manihot esculenta, starch, soluble sugar, ABA, MDA, ROS

中图分类号:

S533

蔡政, 孙津梁, 刘坤行, 李有志, 樊宪伟. 木薯高、低粉品种贮藏根生长关键期的生理生化特性比较[J]. 亚热带植物科学, 2023, 52(2): 85-92.

CAI Zheng, SUN Jin-liang, LIU Kun-hang, LI You-zhi, FAN Xian-wei. Comparison of Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Storage Roots Between High and Low Starch Cultivars of Cassava during the Critical Growth Period[J]. Subtropical Plant Science, 2023, 52(2): 85-92.

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木薯高、低粉品种贮藏根生长关键期的生理生化特性比较

Comparison of Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Storage Roots Between High and Low Starch Cultivars of Cassava during the Critical Growth Period

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