关键词: 桂味, 荔枝, 畸形果, 苯肽胺酸

Abstract: In response to the rare “brush tip” shaped abnormal fruit problem that occurred in a large number of ‘Guiwei’ lychee (Litchi chinensis) orchards in the Qinzhou production area of Guangxi in the spring of 2022, in April (flower withering), four ‘Guiwei’ lychee orchards in Lingshan County were selected for investigation analysis and one control orchard no abnormal fruit. The aim is to further analyze and explore the process and reasons for the formation of this abnormal fruit, and provide reference for the safe use of exogenous hormones for promoting flowering and fruit preservation in lychee. The survey results indicated that the formation of abnormal fruit in lychee began from the elongation of the stigma during the differentiation of female flowers, and then evolved into a completely fleshless and empty shell shaped “brush tip” abnormal fruit. This “brush tip” shaped abnormal fruit was not easy to fall off and completely lost its commercial value; The rate of deformed fruit plants in the four orchards was 94.0%–100.0%, the rate of deformed fruit ears per plant was 20.0%–24.0%, and the rate of deformed fruit grains per ear was 60.9%–65.1%. There was no significant difference in the three indicators among the four lychee orchards. All four orchards used “Baoying” products containing phenylpeptidylamine acid during the shoot control, flower promotion, and fruit preservation period. Other control orchards that did not use phenylpeptidylamine acid to promote flower and fruit preservation did not have any abnormal fruit occurrence; It is preliminarily believed that ‘Guiwei’ lychee is sensitive to phenylpeptidylamine acid during flowering and fruiting under the climatic conditions of that year, which can cause abnormal elongation of the female flower stigma and affect pollination, fertilization, and fruit development, ultimately forming empty shell deformed fruits without edible value.

Key words: Guiwei, Litchi chinensis, deformed fruit, phenylpeptidylamine acid