关键词: 红锥, 种质资源, 叶片变异, 地理因子, 气候因子

Abstract: The leaf phenotypic variation characteristics and geographical variation rules of different populations of Castanopsis hystrix were studied in this paper. A total of 229 clones of 17 representative populations in the germplasm gene bank were selected as the research objects. Five phenotypic traits of leaves were selected for variance analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis to explore the morphological variation of leaves in different populations of C. hystrix and its relationship with geographical and climatic factors. The variation ranges of leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, leaf index and petiole length of different populations were 10.9–17.9 cm², 7.5–9.3 cm, 2.2–2.9 cm, 3.3–3.6 and 0.39–0.67 cm, respectively, and the coefficient of variation among characters was 3.2% – 15.6%. There were significant differences between populations and within populations, and the mean variance component percentage within populations (48.404%) was significantly higher than that between populations (11.423%). The variation within populations was the main source of phenotypic variation of C. hystrix leaves. Leaf area, leaf length and leaf width were positively correlated, and leaf width, leaf area and petiole length were negatively correlated with leaf index. Leaf length, leaf width and leaf area were significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with longitude, and were significantly positively correlated with altitude. At Euclidean distances 15, 17 populations could be clustered into 3 groups. The variation of leaf phenotypic traits in C. hystrix was abundant, and leaf length, leaf width and leaf area showed a geographical variation pattern dominated by longitude and altitude. With large longitude and low altitude, the leaves are relatively short and small.

Key words: Castanopsis hystrix, germplasm resources, leaf variation, geographical factor, climatic factor