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10 December 2015, Volume 44 Issue 04 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Plant physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology

Plant physiology, biochemistry and molecular biology

Plant ecology, resources and taxonomy

Plant ecology, resources and taxonomy

Plant cultivation
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Functional Analysis of NRRB in Rice Response to Salt and Drought Stresses ZHANG Yu-xia,ZHOU Dan,WU Min-liang,LI Yan,YANG Yu-ying,CHEN Liang 2015, 44(04): 267-273.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (878KB) ( )   To explore the role of NRRB protein in rice resistance to abiotic stress, we amplified gene coding region by overlap extension PCR, constructed over-expression vector, and transformed into rice callus then obtained transgenic lines. The identification results showed that NRRB gene had been integrated into the rice genome, and was overexpressed in positive transgenic plants. Meanwhile, interference expression vector was constructed and transgenic lines were obtained, PCR result confirmed that the expression of NRRB was notably downregulated. The research on drought resistance in the T1 generation of transgenic plants indicated that overexpressing NRRB improved resistance of the transgenic plants to drought, and suppressing its expression enhanced susceptibility of the transgenic plants to drought, indicating that NRRB positively regulates resistance of rice to drought. The results of salt tolerance showed that suppressing NRRB reduced the susceptibility of the transgenic plants to salt. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of SSR Molecular Markers Based on Transcriptome Sequencing of Eriobotrya japonica ZHENG Ting-ting,WEI Wei-lin,YANG Xiang-hui,LIN Shun-quan 2015, 44(04): 274-278.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (218KB) ( )   In order to obtain more loquat SSR primers, the SSR locis were analyzed using microsatellite locus scan tool (SSRIT) to analyze 11 798 unigenes (>1 kb) based on the transcriptome sequencing data from flesh of loquat, and we screened out 4438 SSR locis which distributed in 3515 unigenes, accounting for 6.77% of the unigenes. The di-nucleotide and tri-nucleotide repeats were the most abundant repeat types, accounting for 68.27% of the total number of SSRs. And the tetra-nucleotide, penta-nucleotide and hexa-nucleotide repeats were the minor repeat types, accounting for only 1.42%. There were 7911 primers obtained through Primers3 software, which had an important application value to analyze genetic diversity, molecular assistant breeding and establishment of breeding population of loquat. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Volatile Oils from Different Parts of Peucedanum japonicum by GC-MS LI Lie-hui, ZHANG Hong-bing, YANG Cheng-zi, CAI Da-li 2015, 44(04): 279-283.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (312KB) ( )   To evaluate the differences among chemical components and contents of volatile oils from roots, stem leaves, flowers and fruits of Peucedanum japonicum, the volatile oil was extracted by steam distillation from different parts of P. japonicum and chemical constituents of the volatile oil were identified by GC-MS. The results showed that 58, 36, 40 and 45 constituents were identified respectively in roots, stem leaves, flowers and fruits, accounting for 95.60%, 98.03%, 95.82% and 95.36% of the total volatile oils respectively. Seventy-nine constituents were identified in all four parts of P. japonicum, of which twenty constituents were present in all four parts. The main ingredients were α-thujene, α-pinene, β-myrcene, β-pinene, etc. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Extraction of Total Flavonoids from Psidium guajava Leaves and Its Inhibition on Vegetable Pathogenic Fungi CHEN Chun,LIN Qing-hong,LIN Zhi-kai,LIU Li-qing,CHEN Fei,LIU Hong-zhou 2015, 44(04): 284-288.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (291KB) ( )   Orthogonal experiments about the solvent concentration, temperature, time, solid-liquid ratio were carried out to investigate the extraction process of flavonoids from guava leaves by solvent method. The results showed that the optimal extraction processes were 60% alcohol with solid-liquid ratio as 1∶15(W/V), then heating at 80 ℃ to reflux for 1 h. The yield of total flavonoids extraction could reach up to 3.51% under the optimal condition. Furthermore, the EC50 of the total flavonoids crude extracts to Alternaria brassicae, Colletotrichum higgisianum, Pellicularia rolfsii, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucrmerinum were 184, 209, 180, 102 mg·mL-1. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inhibitory Activity of Antibacterial and Quorum Sensing of Water-soluble Polysaccharide from Phyllanthus emblica Fruit CAO Li-li,WANG Fang,YANG He-zhong,LIAO Zheng-ping,WU Shao-hua,LI Yong-yu 2015, 44(04): 289-292.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (275KB) ( )   The inhibitory activities of bacteria and quorum sensing of water-soluble polysaccharide from Phyllanthus emblica fruit were studied. The activity of antibacterial to 5 tested bacterials and the effect on violacein yield of Chromobacterium violaceum CV026 were carried out using turbidimetry. An order of the inhibitory activities of polysaccharide to 5 tested bacteria was Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25933 > Bacillus subtilis ATCC21216 > C. violaceum CV026 > S. marcescens H30 > Escherichia coli ATCC25922; Violacein yield of C. violaceum CV026 was inhibited strongest (53.47?3.10)% at the concentration of 20 mg穖L-1 emblica polysaccharide. In conclusion, the water-soluble polysaccharide of emblica has inhibitory effect of bacterial multiplication and quorum sensing. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Determination of Amino Acid and Mineral Elements in Amomum tsaoko from Different Provenances in Yingjiang, Yunnan PU Yue-hong,YANG Yong-hong,WU De-xi,LI Qi-hua,LIN Zhi-mao,ZHAO Zhi-hai,YIN An-qiang 2015, 44(04): 293-296.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (235KB) ( )   The amino acid and mineral elements of Amomum tsaoko from different provenances in Yingjiang County in Yunnan Province were determined by automatic amino acid analyzer and plasma emission spectrometer(ICP). The results showed that there were obvious differences in contents of amino acid and elements among fresh samples from different provenances. The contents of amino acid of A. tsaoko from different provenances in Yingjiang were all lower than that .from Wenshan, the contents of amino acid of A. tsaoko of sample 2 was mostly close to that of Wenshan. Oppositely, mineral elements of A. tsaoko from different provenances in Yingjiang were all higher than that from Wenshan. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Enrichment Technology of Ursolic Acid in Ethanol Extract from Psidium guajava Leaves CHEN Chun,LIU Li-qing,CHEN Fei,LIN Zhi-kai,LI Hui-hua,LIU Hong-zhou 2015, 44(04): 297-303.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (369KB) ( )   The enrichment technologies of ursolic acid in ethanol extract from Psidium guajava leaves were carried out. The results showed that the impurities were separated better with the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶50 of water and 1∶50 of petroleum ether. The conditions of accumulating ursolic acid with acid and alkali were followed as: the solution was treated with 10% NaOH to pH=14, then with 5% H2SO4 to pH=3, diluted with aqueous solution with pH=3 as the same volume, the purity and recovery of ursolic acid in the end product were 17.74% and 85.12% respectively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Flora and Vegetation in Wudoujiang River National Wetland Park from Suichuan of Jiangxi Province ZOU Qin,LI Yun-jing,LI Wen,LIU Yi-zhen 2015, 44(04): 304-308.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (249KB) ( )   The flora and vegetation of Wudoujiang River National Wetland Park were surveyed and analyzed. The results showed that 450 species of vascular plants affiliated to 286 genera in 108 families were discovered in the wetland park, the families of flora were dominated by Gramineae, Compositae and so forth, and the genera of flora were dominated by Rubus. The distribution types of genera could be classified into 13 types; the three highest percentage types were Cosmopolitan, Pantropic, OW Temp., the ratio between tropical geographical elements and temperate geographical elements of genera was 1.10, suggested that the flora transitional characteristics from tropical flora to temperate flora. Twenty one species of rare and endangered plants were discovered; in particular ancient trees and great area communities of Cinnamomum camphora and Phoebe bournei were discovered too. The vegetation of the Wetland Park could be divided into 5 vegetation types groups, 12 vegetation types, 58 formations; the vegetation characteristics of the Wetland Park behaved as typical riparian vegetation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of Land Cover Change in the Yellow River Estuary Nature Reserve from 1992 to 2010 HOU Xue-hui,LI Xin-hua 2015, 44(04): 309-314.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (376KB) ( )   The characteristics of land cover and land cover change(LUCC) in nature reserve of Yellow River estuary were analyzed by using three phases landsat remote sensing images of 1992, 2000 and 2010. The results showed that the spatial distribution of land cover types in the natural reserve was sympathetic and the main land covers were the sea, tidal flats and dry land during the periods of 1992—2010. The proportion of the same land cover types in the nature reserve all had changed in different degrees. On the whole, the changes of dry land, reservoir, residential land and other land types were not obvious but there are interannual fluctuations. Although the grassland area decreased continuously, the overall change was not obvious. The changes of the shrub area were also not obvious which varied greatly in the interannual. The reed area was reduced especially in the 1992—2000 years, in which a large number of reeds were transformed into dry land types. The aquaculture area increased widely of 6.24×103　hm2, the increased area mainly formed by development of the beach, Tamarix wetlands and Salsa wetlands in 20 years. The changes of sea area were violent, and the main reason for the reduce of the sea area was the conversion of the sea area to the tidal flat. The LUCC in the natural reserve had changed the structure and reduced the ecological service function of the nature reserve. The reasons for the change of LUCC in the Yellow River estuary were both natural factors and human factors, but the driving forces of LUCC in this area were mainly human activities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fruit Traits and Early Selection of Jatropha curcas from Different Provenances ZENG Rui-jin 2015, 44(04): 315-318.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (260KB) ( )   The fructification of 5-year-old Jatropha curcas from different provenances was investigated in this study. The results showed that the seed yield per plant of J. curcas from different provenances was significant different. The seed yield per plant from Yuanyang County in Yunnan was highest (218.96 g). The seed yield per plant from Yanbian County in Sichuan was lowest (only 48.42 g). The average seed oil content of J. curcas from different provenances was also significant different. The average seed oil content from Longlin County in Guangxi was highest (42.80%), and the average seed oil content from Wangmo County in Guizhou was lowest, only 37.23%. The seed yield per plant was significantly correlated with the latitude and the average annual temperature of the provenance, and especially was extremely significantly correlated with frost-free season of the provenance. The seed yield per plant was negatively correlated with the latitude, while was positively correlated with the average annual temperature and the frost-free season. It indicated that the yield per plant of the provenance from lower latitude, higher average annual temperature and longer frost-free season was relatively high in Pinghe County, Fujian Province. There was no significant correlation between the average seed oil content and various geographic meteorological factors. According to the Cluster analysis of the seed yield per plant and the seed oil content average, 9 kinds of provenances were divided into 4 different categories: excellent, good, medium, and poor. On the whole, the northwest region of Yunnan Province and the southeast region of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region may be the excellent provenance regions of J. curcas. The seed yield per plant of the five provenances from these regions was reached to 147.43 g, and the average seed oil content reached to 41.07%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Species Diversity of Orchids in Huidong Lianhuashan Baipenzhu Provincial Nature Reserve, Guangdong ZENG Si-jin,LIU Qiang,WANG Pan,LIN Wei-tong,LIAO Yuan-fang,ZHU Ci-you,ZHUANG Xue-ying 2015, 44(04): 319-324.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (748KB) ( )   Based on field survey, inspection of herbarium specimens and literature review, the floristic characteristics and natural population structures of orchids in Huidong Lianhuashan Baipenzhu Provincial Nature Reserve were studied. The results showed that there were 40 species from 27 genera of Orchidaceae in Lianhuashan Baipenzhu Nature Reserve, including 26 terrestrial species, 13 epiphytic species and 1 saprophytic species. They mainly grew in the less-disturbed secondary forest or near streams. The genera have 8 geographic elements and the species have 6 geographic elements, both of which were dominated by Tropical Asia element. Comparing with neighboring nature reserves, orchid composition of Baipenzhu was most similar to Qimuzhang with 71.11% and 61.11% of generic and species similarity, respectively. In addition, one new record species to Guangdong province (Lecanorchis nigricans) and one new population of Apostasia shenzhenica were reported. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Medicinal Plant Resourses in Huidong Lianhuashan Baipenzhu Provincal Nature Reserve, Guangdong LIN Wei-tong,ZENG Si-jin,LIU Qiang,WANG Pan,LI Hai-bin,ZHU Ci-you,ZHUANG Xue-ying 2015, 44(04): 325-330.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (327KB) ( )   According to literature and field survey, a total of 940 species and varieties of medicinal plants were recorded in Lianhuashan Baipenzhu Nature Reserve, which were from 578 genera and 188 families, and including 66 ferns, 16 gymnosperms, and 858 angiosperms. The growth forms, medicinal parts and dominant families were analyzed. The major medical function was heat-clearing and detoxicating, which accounted for 21.56%. In addition, there were 23 species of rare and protected plants, 15 of which were orchids. The specific value of medicinal plant species and area of Lianhuashan Baipenzhu was 0.07, which was close to neighbouring Xiangtoushan, but lower than those of Dinghushan, Nankunshan and Luofushan. The species, major medical function and natural habitat of common medicinal plants with high utilization potential were listed. Based on the study, suggestions for conservation and utilization of medicinal plant resources in the reserve were proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tree Species Structure Analysis on Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre XIE Yuan-tao,HUANG Hua-zhi 2015, 44(04): 331-334.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (234KB) ( )   The vegetation structure and composition of different kinds of green area and the overall arrangement of greening area of Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre(HEMC) were investigated on the basis of field survey and data collection. It was found that the road greening rate in HEMC reached 90%. There were 70 species of 29 families of ornamental plants applied on roadside, and 122 species of 42 families of which applied in unit attached space. This study helps analyzing the space arrangement, and aesthetic value of Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre’s greening area. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Lathyrus davidii—A New Recorded Species of Fabaceae in Zhejiang GAO Ya-hong,WANG Ting,YU Jin-liang,LU Yi-jun,CHEN Xiao-ling 2015, 44(04): 335-336.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (278KB) ( )   Lathyrus davidii, belonging to Fabaceae, was reported as a new distributive record in Zhejiang Province. Voucher specimen was deposited in the herbarium of Hangzhou Botanical Garden (HHBG) References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Psilotum nudum, A New Recorded Species of Pteridophytes in Dabie Mountains in Anhui Province ZHAO Xin-lei,ZHANG Yu-feng,WANG Xing-xing,GAO Xiao-ming,SUN Yu-zheng,LIU Yao-wu,FANG Cheng-wu,ZHANG Qun 2015, 44(04): 337-339.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (386KB) ( )   Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv. was recorded for the first time in Dabie mountains in Anhui province. The botanical characteristics, clear photos and geographical distribution of P. nudum (L.) Beauv. were offered in detail. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial Pollination Technology on Bougainvillea ZHOU Qun,ZHANG Wan-qi,DING Yin-long,LIN He-ye 2015, 44(04): 340-344.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (554KB) ( )   The habits of pollination and flowering, and artificial methods of Bougainvillea hybridization were carried out in this study. Optimal observation times of collecting pollen and pollination were obtained, which were tepals micro cracking of 1~2 mm and flower beginning to open within 2 d; as well as a suit of artificial pollination technology in Bougainvillea. The highest seed set ratio of 8.3% was observed after artificial hybridization in Bougainvillea. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Cutting Seedlings Technology of Semiliquidambar cathayesis CHEN Jia-biao 2015, 44(04): 345-348.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (239KB) ( )   The effects of kinds, concentration, treatment time of plant growth regulator on rooting rate, root coefficient and seedling height of Semiliquidambar cathayesis were studied by orthogonal design method. The effects of different cutting matrix and different cutting processing on S. cathayesis also carried out. The results showed that 200 mg稬-1 ABT1 treating for 30 min and in a matrix with a layer 2 cm river sand and overlying a layer 2 cm yellow soil were best for S. cathayesis cutting, the average rooting rate was up to 90.3%, the average root coefficient and average seedling height were the best. The primary and secondary factors were matrix type > growth regulator type > growth regulator concentration > processing time. The growth indexs of cuttings from 6 cm semi lignified twigs with cutting double surfaces were the best. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Ecological Application of Classification Approach of Freshwater Phytoplankton Based on Functional Group TIAN Yong-qiang 2015, 44(04): 349-354.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2015.04.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (246KB) ( )   The functional group of phytoplankton is a classification scheme based on the characteristics of autoecology, which makes up for the shortage of traditional identification in terms of their ecological applications, and is an important tool of freshwater ecological research. This paper summarized the theoretical basis, the classification criterion and the merits in freshwater ecological research of functional group, and introduced the present situation and progress of the application in freshwater ecological research. In addition, main problems in the functional group were analyzed, the research and development direction in the future were also discussed. References | Related Articles | Metrics