Subtropical Plant Science

Influences of Low pH on the Arbuscule Formation and Phosphorus Nutrition of Tomato Seedlings

FENG Zeng-wei,WANG Ning,ZHU Hong-hui,YAO Qing

2016, 45(04): 301-307. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.001

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Tomato inoculated with 3 AMF species, Rhizophagus irregularis, Gigaspora margarita and Acaulospora delicata, at different pH values (4.5 or 6.5), the influences of low pH on the arbuscule formation and function of AMF in tomato roots were investigated. The results indicated that low pH significantly inhibited the AMF colonization and the arbuscule formation in roots. Three AMF species varied greatly with G. margarita showing the highest colonization and R. irregularis showing the most sensitive arbuscule abundance to low pH. AMF significantly elevated the plant biomass and decreased the root to shoot ratio. The effects of low pH on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity shared the similar pattern with those on root colonization. AMF significantly increased the shoot phosphorus content and the LePT4 expression in roots; however, pH did not affect them. These results suggested that low pH was inhibitory to the establishment and maintenance of AMF-host symbiosis, and the beneficial effects of AMF was greater at low pH. Moreover, different AMF species/isolates could vary greatly in the ability to increase the resistance of hosts to low pH.

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Effects of Parthenolide and Decending Speed of Temperature on Chilling Resistance of Imbibed Seeds of Lactuca sativa

SHEN Meng-qi,HAN Ying-ying,ZHOU Qiang,LI Wei-jie,LIU Bao-lin

2016, 45(04): 308-314. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.002

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In order to study the effects of Parthenolide on chilling resistance of Lactuca sativa seeds during programmed cooling, the seeds were imbibed by exogenous animal ubiquitin E3 ligase activator Parthenolide before treated with programmed cooling with different cooling rates. The results showed that the addition of Parthenolide reduced the freezing tolerance of lettuce seeds in both fast and slow cooling treatments, and the germination rates after both cooling treatments were significantly lower than control, the effects of Parthenolide were the most obvious when the temperature was reduced to -20 ℃, which indicating that during the programmed cooling, the ubiquitination regulatory pathway did participate in the resistance to freezing in seeds. The expression of ubiquitination-related genes and ICE1 gene were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. It was found that Parthenolide inhibited the expression of RING-finger E3 ligase COP1 and anti-freezing factor ICE1 during the slow cooling. The effects of Parthenolide on the activities of SOD were further proved that during the programmed cooling process, Parthenolide may destroy the freezing resistance system of lettuce seeds

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Structure and Function Analysis of AGAMOUS Homologous Genes in Fabaceae

LI Qing-zhong,CHEN Jiang-hua

2016, 45(04): 315-320. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.003

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AGAMOUS (AG) is an important gene which controls the flower development in higher plants. Since it was found in 1990s, dozens of homologous genes were identified in more than 20 kinds of plants. As a member of MADS-box family, it has a highly conservative structure and function. Now its functions in the growth and development of plants are very clear. In this study, structures and functions of AG and its homologous genes in some model plants in Fabaceae were analysed. The results proved that structures and functions of AG and it’s homologous genes were higher conserved. Deeply research about gene expression in Medicago truncatula showed that expression of AG related with its functions. This study not only can use for deeply research of AG, but also provide an important experimental data for flower strains breeding.

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Optimization of Extraction Process of Caftaric Acid and Cichoric Acid from Echinacea purpurea

SU Ting-ting,WU Cui-li,QIN Shu-yi,LIU Jin-lan,QIU Min,TANG Tie-xin

2016, 45(04): 321-324. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.004

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To optimize the reflux extraction process of caftaric acid and cichoric acid in Echinacea purpurea, ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time, and antioxidant amount were optimized by orthogonal experiments. And the addition of antioxidants on the extraction result was evaluated by comparative tests. The results showed that optimized conditions were extracted by 25% ethanol aqueous solution at 80 ℃ for 90 min. The addition of antioxidant had no significant effect on the extraction result. The optimized conditions of reflux extraction were applicable to the extraction of caftaric acid and cichoric acid in E. purpurea. It was not necessary to add antioxidant in extraction.

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The Effect of Pseudostellaria heterophylla Crude Extracts on Antioxidant, Whitening and Moisturizing

CHEN Fang-fang,LIANG Jia-hua,ZHANG Ya-nan,BI Li-wei,CHEN Yu-Pei,LIN Guo-qing,WANG Ya-ying,WANG Gui-hong

2016, 45(04): 325-328. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.005

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In this study, three extraction methods were carried out to explore the effects of Pseudostellaria heterophylla crude extracts on antioxidant, whitening and moisturizing. The results indicated that the crude extracts by water revealed highest inhibiting rates than those of ethanol and supercritical fluid extraction in ABTS, DPPH free radicals and reactive oxygen species. According to the analysis of whitening, the crude extract by ethanol and water extraction methods was the best in the inhibiting rate of B16 cell melanin content and tyrosinase activity, respectively. Further, crude polysaccharide from P. heterophylla was performed in hygroscopic rate and moisturizing analysis. The results showed that crude polysaccharide had good moisturizing and moisture absorption efficiency, which was close to hyaluronic acid. In addition, the evaluation of skin water loss also revealed a very significant preventation.

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Analysis of Volatile Components from Ostryopsis davidiana Leaves Using HS-SPME & GC-MS

JIN Ze-rong,LIU Zhi-xiong,CHEN Xu-peng,ZHANG Jin-tong

2016, 45(04): 329-331. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.006

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Ostryopsis davidiana is an important host plant of Trabala vishnou gigantina. In order to reveal the volatile component in O. davidiana, its leaves were analyzed by HS-SPME & GC-MS and the relative content of each component was determinated by area normalization. The results showed that 39 chemical composition were detected and identified including 5 leaves smell matter(75.61%), 6 aromatic compounds(1.30%), 9 terpene compounds(5.04%) and 19 aliphatic compounds(17.76%). The result may provide basis for developing plant-derived attractants of Trabala vishnou gigantina

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The Undergrowth Diversity of Five Broadleaved Stand Types in Xiaokeng Forest Farm from Shaoguan City, Guangdong

BAI Kun-li,CHEN Lei-yi

2016, 45(04): 332-336. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.007

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The diversity of understory plants of Elaeocarpus sylvestris, Cinnamomum camphora, Castanopsis fissa, Castanopsis hystrix and Michelia macclurei stands were studied. The results showed that there were 12 shrub species and 13 herb species in the E. sylvestris forest, 7 shrub species and 11 herb species in the Cin. camphora forest, 16 shrub species and 12 herb species in the Cas. fissa forest, 10 shrub species and 14 herb species in the Cas. hystrix forest, 9 shrub species and 20 herb species in the M. macclurei forest. Shannon Wiener diversity indexes and evenness indices (Jsw and Jsi) of shrub layer under E. sylvestris stand were 2.51, 0.70 and 0.84, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of other stands. This result indicated that stand types played an important role on undergrowth diversity, and the E. sylvestris stand was favorable for undergrowth development.

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Effects of Different Types of Rubber-Based Agroforestry Ecosystems on Soil Physicochemical Properties in Xishuangbanna

ZHU Kai,LIU Wen-jie,LIU Jia-qing,ZHU Xi-ai,CHEN Chun-feng

2016, 45(04): 337-342. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.008

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To study effects of different types of rubber-based agroforestry ecosystems on soil physicochemical properties, soil samples from four rubber-based (Hevea brasiliensis) agroforestry ecosystems with different interplants (Camellia sinensis, Theobroma cacao, Flemingia macrophylla and Dracaena americana) and rubber monoculture in Xishuangbanna were analyzed and their physicochemical properties were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA), which provided a scientific basis of conversion rubber monoculture to rubber-based agroforestry ecosystem. The results showed that the soil water content, soil organic matter(SOM), soil bulk density, total soil porosity and soil hydraulic conductive in rubber monocultures were significantly different(P<0.05). In addiction, after conversion rubber monoculture to rubber-based agroforestry ecosystem, the content of SOM and total nitrogen increased by 21.3%—50.1% and 26.2%—39.9%, respectively. Meanwhile the values of bulk density decreased and soil water content, total soil porosity, soil hydraulic conductive increased greatly. It was further showed that conversing rubber monoculture to rubber-based agroforestry ecosystem was sustainable ways which could not only improve soil fertility but also conserve soil and water in Xishuangbanna.

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Tsoongiodendron odorum Community in Xijingkeng Nature Reserve from Xinfeng, Jiangxi Province

ZHANG Xin-jian,QIU Jian-xun,HU Wei-shan,GUO Yong-qing,YIN Qian-yi,FAN Qiang,LIAO Wen-bo

2016, 45(04): 343-350. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.009

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The Tsoongiodendron odorum community from Xijingkeng Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province, was studied by the methods of quadrate investigation and community ecology. The results showed that: (1) there were 146 species of vascular plants, belonging to 66 families and 106 genera. Among them, 14 species of pteridophytes belonged to 10 genera in 9 families, and 132 species of seed plants belonged to 96 genera in 57 families. The geographical element analysis revealed that tropical elements took dominant positions. (2) Although evergreen plants were dominant, the physiognomy of the community had seasonal changes because of distribuiton of some deciduous species. The tree layer of the community could be divided into three sublayers. The dominant species in the tree layer were T. odorum, Machilus chinensis, Choerospondias axillaris and Neolitsea cambodiana; in the shrub layer, Cryptocarya chingii, Eurya loquaiana and Neolitsea chuii were dominant species. (3) The frequency grade of the community was A > B > C > D > E. The age structure analysis of dominant populations showed that the community was situated at the subclimax stage. (4) The biodiversity analysis showed that the diversity index including Simpson index and Shannon-wiener index arranged as shrub layer > tree layer > herb layer, and Pielou index arranged as tree layer > herb layer> shrub layer.

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Study on the Annual Growth Law and the Adaptation Growth of Seedlings for Endangered Tree of Bretschneidera sinensis

GUO Xiang-quan,QIAN Guo-qin,SHI Xiang-dong,WU Wei,GUO Xiang-dui,YANG Jin

2016, 45(04): 351-356. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.010

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The different cultivate methods and growth investigations of Bretschneidera sinensis seedlings during the phenological phase were studied. The results indicated that the sprout rate of B. sinensis was upto 90% by using germination treatment, the growth period of height and ground diameter was from April to October. The seedlings grew with more lignification after October. The shorter growth period was the main factor for the annual growth of B. sinensis. The terminal bud and tender leaf of seedlings would be burnt under the high temperature and strong light, so shaded light was necessary in high temperature season. In hot and humid season, the seedlings were easier to be harmed by plant pathogen and insect pests. The different cultivate methods of seedling indicated that naked-root seedling was more suitbale for transplanting comparing with container-seedling. The well genetic-individual was behave well in potential growth during growth-period of seedling.

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Preliminary Study on Re-introduction of Camellia nitidissima

YANG Quan-guang,WU Ru-hua,PAN Zi-ping,PAN Zi-lai,CHEN Yong-tang,YANG Hai-juan,CHEN Yin-xi

2016, 45(04): 357-361. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.011

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Camellia nitidissima is a precious and rare species. Its distribution area is gradually reducing because of human activities. The research on C. nitidissima re-introduction has important and directional significance for the population restoration of Camellia species. In this study, selection of the site of re-introduction, construction of sample plots and investigation of ecological environment were carried out to explore re-introduction techniques of C. nitidissima, and afford to the reference for re-introduction and population restoration of Camellia species.

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New Records of Spermatophyta in Fujian, China

CHEN Xin-yan,SONG Wei-wen,CHEN Shi-pin

2016, 45(04): 362-364. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.012

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Through wild plant resources investigation and specimen collection in Fujian province, one new recorded genus and four new recorded species of seed plants were found, i.e. Peracarpa, Peracarpa carnosa (Wall.) Hook. f. et Thoms., Impatiens platysepala Y. L. Chen, Cleisostoma rostratum (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Garay and Youngia rosthornii (Diels) Babcock et Stebbins. The voucher specimens were preserved in the herbarium of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU).

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New Records of Seed Plants from Eastern Slope of Luoxiao Range in Jiangxi Province, China

ZHAO Wan-yi,LIU Zhong-cheng,ZHANG Zhong,XU Ke-wang,ZHANG Ji-jun,LIAO Wen-bo

2016, 45(04): 365-368. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.013

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A genus and four species were reported as new records to Jiangxi Province, i.e. Sedirea Garay et Sweet, Sedirea subparishii (Z. H. Tsi) Christenson, Lysimachia huitsunae Chien, Rubus xanthoneurus Focke ex Diels and Phyllagathis guidongensis K. M. Liu & J. Tian, all of them were discovered in the eastern slope of Luoxiao Range region. The floristic geographic implications of these new record species were also discussed.

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Substrate Formulation Screening for Sedum Plants Applied to Lightweight Roof Greening

QIAN Tang-huang,LIANG Qiong-fang,LEI Jiang-li

2016, 45(04): 369-372. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.014

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Using domestic peat, coir dust, perlite, ceramisite as the component materials in the substrate formulation, the physico-chemical characteristics of the different substrate formulations were measured. Two substrate formulations were suitable for lightweight roof greening according to their physical and chemical characteristics. The effects of two substrate formulations on the growth of experimental Sedum plants were studied. The results showed that S. nicaeense was not significantly different in two substrate formulations. Other four Sedum plants grew strongly in the F3 substrate formulation, and biomass was significantly accumulated. The substrate formulation F3 that the ratio was domestic peat (2 portions), coir dust (3 portions) and perlite (1 portion) was fit for Sedum plants in lightweight roof greening.

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The Nutrient Elements of Different Growth Conditions of Cattleya hybrida

ZHENG Zhi-bo,YU Fu-wen,LIU Yuan-xing,ZHONG Wei-bin,HU Chu-wei,LUO Shi

2016, 45(04): 373-375. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.015

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To discuss the reasons of poor growth of Cattleya hybrida, the nutrient elements contents of its leaves and pseudobulbs on different growth conditions were studied, the pH and EC values of leaching solution of cultivation substrate were also detected. The results showed that the contents of K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mo in poor growth plants were increased significantly with higher pH and EC values of the leaching solution. It was indicated that salt accumulation might be the main reason of poor growth. Therefore, industrial cultivation of C. hybrida was suggested to apply loose substrate, fertilization should not be too much or too thick, and more rain water was recommended.

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Cultivation Techniques and Quality Grading for Seedlings of Araucaria cunninghamii

DING You-fang,CHEN Bo-yi,HUANG Su-mei,LIANG Yu-qin

2016, 45(04): 376-378. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.016

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In order to obtain high quality seedlings of Araucaria cunninghamii, the seeds were collected from 30—60 year-old robust mature trees. At the seedling stage, watering, fertilization, diseases and pests control were paid great attention. With the seedling height, root length and the ground diameter as the indexes, the 1-year-old and 2-year-old seedlings of A. cunninghamii were divided into three quality classes using the SPSS K-means clustering. The height and the ground diameter of the 1-year-old seedlings and third class of 2-year-old seedlings were too short to be outplanting. The first and second classes of the 2-year-old seedlings were suggested to be outplanting.

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Research Progress on Chemical Constituents and Biological Activity of Nothapodytes nimmoniana

SHEN Rui-chi,WU Mei-fang,HE En-ming,CHEN De-lin,WANG Jie,HE Jian-zhang,ZHOU Shuang

2016, 45(04): 379-385. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.017

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Camptothecin (CPT) is a cytotoxic quinoline alkaloid which is only one specially inhibiting the DNA enzyme topoisomerase I (topo I), showes remarkable anticancer activity. There are many CPTs and other active ingredients in Nothapodytes nimmoniana, the contents of CPT, 9-methoxycamptothecin and hydroxycamptothecin in Nothapodytes nimmoniana are most abundant. N. nimmoniana have become an important medicinal plant. In this paper, the chemical constituents, their biological activity and extraction methods of N. nimmoniana were summarized. In addition, the development and utilization prospect of N. nimmoniana were introduced.

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The Mode of Water Pollution Prevention and Control Based on Myriophyllum elatinoides Artificial Wetland and Its Application in Guangxi

CHEN Hong,HUANG Shi-yang,LI Shu-kai,WU Mei-yan

2016, 45(04): 386-390. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.018

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The flourish of the animal爃usbandry燽rings agricultural non-point source pollution more and more serious in Guangxi. The practice survey and laboratory data show that Myriophyllum elatinoides has great effects on the livestock and poultry breeding wastewater treatments, and it will promote waste resource utilization of the livestock breeding industry. This management will be significance for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution. In view of this, M. elatinoides is worth to popularize in Guangxi, especially in concentrated area of livestock and poultry breeding.

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A Review of Delaying Flowering in Mango

YIN De-song,SONG Jing-wu,QI Bei-bei,CHEN Ying-ying,PENG Lei

2016, 45(04): 391-394. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2016.04.019

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Mangifera indica has been considered a famous tropical fruit tree in the world. The flowering date of mango is mainly from February to March. At the flowering stage, it is susceptible to the damages of low temperature and rainy weather, which causes poor pollination and fertilization resulting in blossom and fruit dropping, and aggravates the harm of powdery mildew and anthracnose. The influence of low temperature and rainy weather to mango flowering was briefly reviewed, and various commonly used measures in production to delay flowering, such as cutting-back, serve pruning, cutting the whole spike, flower treatment, the application of plant growth regulators, irrigating爓ater after harvest, the cultivation of second autumn shoot or the utilization of winter shoot to bear fruit were summarized in detail in this paper. It provides a scientific basis for mango flowering regulation and management.

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