亚热带植物科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 284-291.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2025.03.006

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

温度与干旱胁迫对贯叶金丝桃种子萌发特性和幼苗生长的影响

刘媛媛1,2,陈 垣1,3*,郭凤霞1,2,梁 伟1,2,阮梓涵1,2   

  1. (1. 甘肃农业大学农学院 / 干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070;2. 甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070;3. 四川康弘中药材种植有限公司,四川 彭州 611930)
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-26 接受日期:2025-01-14 发布日期:2025-09-08
  • 通讯作者: 陈 垣
  • 基金资助:
    校企合作企业项目“贯叶金丝桃新品种选育”(KHZZZZ20210730056/2021620005001562)

Effects of Temperature and Drought Stress on Seed Germination Characteristics and Seedling Growth of Hypericum perforatum

LIU Yuan-yuan1,2, CHEN Yuan1,3*, GUO Feng-xia1,2, LIANG Wei1,2, RUAN Zi-han1,2   

  1. (1. College of Agriculture, Gansu Agricultural University / State Key Laboratory of Crop Science in Arid Habitat, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu China; 2. College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu China; 3. Sichuan Kanghong Chinese Medicine Cultivation Co. Ltd., Pengzhou 611930, Sichuan China)
  • Received:2024-11-26 Accepted:2025-01-14 Published:2025-09-08
  • Contact: CHEN Yuan

摘要: 以贯叶金丝桃Hypericum perforatum种子为材料,设置不同温度及干旱条件下萌发试验,并于室温(25 ℃)下观察种子动态吸水规律。结果表明,贯叶金丝桃种子吸水率变化呈现出“快速(0~4 h)—缓慢(4~20 h)—饱和(20~30 h)”规律。随温度升高种子发芽起始时间提前,发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、根长、苗长等发芽指标呈先增后降趋势,且均在25 ℃时达最大值。随PEG浓度增加种子萌发质量降低,发芽启动时间延长,25% PEG抑制种子萌发。种子萌发期抗旱能力受温度影响,适宜温度25 ℃时种子抗旱性最强;温度对贯叶金丝桃幼苗胚根和苗长具显著调控效应。20 ℃处理下胚根与苗长达最大值;30 ℃高温显著抑制生长,15 ℃亦表现受限,随温度升高呈先促进后抑制趋势。研究表明,贯叶金丝桃种子浸泡20 h达到吸水饱和;种子萌发适宜温度为25 ℃,幼苗生长适宜温度为20 ℃;干旱承受PEG溶液浓度的阈值为25%,萌发适宜温度下种子抗旱性增强。

关键词: 贯叶金丝桃;吸水规律;温度;干旱胁迫;种子萌发

Abstract: Seeds of Hypericum perforatum were germinated under factorial combinations of temperature (15–30 ℃) and osmotic stress (0–25% PEG-6000). Water-uptake kinetics at 25 ℃ displayed a triphasic pattern: rapid imbibition (0–4 h), deceleration (4–20 h) and saturation (20–30 h). Rising temperature shortened the lag phase and advanced germination onset; however, all germination metrics—percentage, energy, index, vigour, radicle and seedling length—reached maxima at 25 ℃ and declined sharply at 30 ℃. PEG-mediated drought progressively delayed and reduced germination, with 25% PEG imposing complete inhibition. Drought tolerance was temperature-dependent, peaking at 25 ℃. Radicle and seedling elongation were greatest at 20 ℃, significantly curtailed at 15 ℃ and 30 ℃, indicating a stimulatory-to-inhibitory transition with increasing temperature. Thus, seeds achieve full hydration within 20 h; 25 ℃ is optimal for germination, whereas 20 ℃ best supports seedling growth. The osmotic threshold lies at 25% PEG, and drought resistance is maximised under the optimal germination temperature.

Key words: Hypericum perforatum; water absorption pattern; temperature; drought stress; seed germination

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