Abstract: To reveal the cross compatibility among different cultivars of Rhododendron, 13 cultivars or species R. simsii, ‘Bawanghong’, ‘Yingchun No. 6’, ‘Haiermian’, etc, as cross parents were selected for cross. In order to select suitable soaking methods for Rhododendron hybrid seeds, three hybrid fruits were chosen to treat with different temperatures (40 ℃ and 60 ℃) and different GA3 concentrations (200, 1000, 2000 mg·L-1). The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in fruit set percentage of hybridization between cultivars or species, and the setting percentage of cross combination was 0—81%; (2) The cultivar was used as male and female parent, and their fruit set percentages of hybridization were obviously different; (3) Different soaks had significant effects on germination percentage. Treatments with 40 ℃ temperature or 1000 mg·L-1 GA3 could significantly improve germination ability.

Key words: Rhododendron, cross breeding, cross compatibility, soaking treatment

摘要： 以映山红Rhododendron simsii及‘霸王红’R. ‘Bawanghong’、‘迎春6号’R. ‘Yingchun6’、‘孩儿面’R. ‘Haiermian’、‘华玉3号’R. ‘Huayu 3’、‘若姪子’R. ‘Ruozhizi’等12个杜鹃品种为杂交亲本，进行不完全双列杂交，并进行部分正反交，对其结实性进行探讨；选取3个2016年杂交育种获得的种子作为试验材料，通过不同温度、不同浓度赤霉素浸种处理，筛选适宜杜鹃花杂交种子的浸种处理方式。结果表明：(1)不同品种(种)间杂交座果率存在明显差异，各杂交组合座果率在0～81%之间；(2)同一品种(种)作为父本或母本，其杂交座果率也存在显著差异；(3)不同浸种处理对杜鹃杂交种子萌发率均有显著影响，其中40 ℃浸种处理和赤霉素处理均能显著提高种子萌发率。

关键词: 杜鹃, 杂交育种, 杂交亲和性, 浸种处理