Subtropical Plant Science

Mangrove Wetlands: Distribution, Species Composition and Protection in China

YANG Sheng-chang,LU Wen-xun,ZOU Zhen,LI Si

2017, 46(4): 301-310. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.001

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As one of the important coastal wetland, mangroves have a high value of ecosystem services. Over the past 50 years, China mangroves had been greatly damaged. The state of the world mangrove distribution was briefly described, and distribution and plant species composition of China mangrove were described in detail. Mangrove species classification system in China was discussed: Chinese mangrove plant species should be considered 38 species, including true mangrove species 13 families and 27 species, semi-mangrove plants 11 species in 9 families. Mangrove conservation status in China was analyzed in order to provide reference for the research and management of mangroves.

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Optimization of Sampling Methods in GC-MS Analysis of Horticultural Plants

GAO Xiang-xiong,WU Shao-hua,WANG Ping

2017, 46(4): 311-317. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.002

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GC-MS analysis of volatile components in horticultural plants can be automated by headspace sampling, which greatly improves the operability of qualitative and quantitative analysis. Essential oils, Cinnamomum bodinieri leaves and Zanthoxylum bungeanum seeds were selected as samples, and the optimum furnace temperatures of headspace sampling were carried out. The results showed that the peak value of essential oil appeared at 50 ℃, the peak value of C. bodinieri leaves and Z. bungeanum seeds appeared at 70 ℃ and 80 ℃, respectively. It was considered that the optimum temperature of headspace sampling for liquid sample with organic solvent was 50 ℃, and solid samples with high water content in horticultural plants was 70 ℃.

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Effects of Brassinolides on Growth of Dracaena sanderiana ‘Virens’

WANG Jun-ning,ZHENG Mian-yuan,LIUFU Dong-biao

2017, 46(4): 318-322. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.003

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The effects of different concentrations of brassinolides on growth and development of Dracaena sanderiana ‘Virens’ were studied. The results showed that the treatment continuously sprayed with 0.010 mg·L-1 brassinolide for 3 times significantly increased plant height, numbers of internodes, internode length and stem diameter of D. sanderiana ‘Virens’, with an increase of 33.55%, 19.00%, 10.90% and 15.89%, respectively. And the single leaf fresh weight, dry weight and leaf area were obviously increased. In addition, 0.010 mg·L-1 BR treatment extremely significantly improved CAT activity, but the contents of O2-·, H2O2 and MDA were reduced in D. sanderiana ‘Virens’ leaves. It also greatly declined its relative conductivity. However, it had no significant influences on leaf relative water content, specific leaf weight, dry matter content, SOD and POD activities of leaves. In summary, 0.010 mg·L-1 BR treatment could significantly promote the development of D. sanderiana ‘Virens’ and increase its anti-oxidation resistance.

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Regression Analysis of Growth Traits of Schima superba Families Based on Backward Stepwise Elimination

PENG Hua-gui,CHEN Qi,WANG Ying-li,WU Guan-di,CHEN Yi-qun,ZHANG Qian

2017, 46(4): 323-328. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.004

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Twenty open-pollinated families of Schima superba progenies in Dongjiang Forest Farm and Meinan Forest Farm in Guangdong province were selected for testing growth traits. The height (H), diameter-at-breast-height (D)/collar diameter (C) and individual stock volume (V) were analyzed at ages of 3, 6, 9 and 11 years. Highly significant differences in 9 growth traits were observed among families and between two testing sites, and significant interactions were detected between families and planting sites. To explicitly reveal the linear relationships among growth traits, the V at age of 11 years was taken as dependent variable for the construction of multiple linear regression equations on the basis of taking height and D/C at ages of 3 to 9 years as independent variables. Sixty-three regression equations were established by using backward stepwise elimination method for total population and 20 individual families at single-site and across-site testing. All equations were highly significant on the whole, but each equation displayed obvious differentiation in intercept and independent variable component, amount, regression coefficient and determining coefficient, suggesting that it was appropriate to separately construct a multiple linear regression equation of S. superb for each family at single site. In terms of predicting V11 of S. superb, common precision could be achieved by using single-site or multiple-site regression model from population analysis, whereas higher precision was achievable using single-site regression model of each individual family.

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Comparison of Progeny Seedlings Growth Characteristics of Castanopsis fissa Elite Trees

CHEN Zhi-qiang,GAO Nan,XIAO Xiang-xi,HE Zhi-bin,YU Meng-yang,LIN Feng-ying

2017, 46(4): 329-334. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.005

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Seeds of 50 plants of Castanopsis fissa elite trees were collected as material for seedling testing. The results showed the extents of change of seedling height, ground diameter and biomass of C. fissa progeny seedling were 17.93—74.87 cm, 2.93—5.40 mm, 4.56—16.45 g and the coefficients of variation were 38.23%, 12.35%, 38.30%, respectively. The seedling height was positively correlated with biomass, and the correlation coefficient was 0.86. Comprehensive evaluation of growth indexes of C. fissa progeny seedlings was conducted. W3, FJ17, FJ5, FJ43, W21, FJ46, FJ8, FJ15, FJ12, FJ11 were selected as the superior families.

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Intervarietal (species) Cross Compatibility of Rhododendron and Hybrid Seeds Germination

WANG Wei,HE Zhong-jian,NI Jian-zhong,ZHENG Yong-xiao,DAI Se-ping

2017, 46(4): 335-338. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.006

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To reveal the cross compatibility among different cultivars of Rhododendron, 13 cultivars or species R. simsii, ‘Bawanghong’, ‘Yingchun No. 6’, ‘Haiermian’, etc, as cross parents were selected for cross. In order to select suitable soaking methods for Rhododendron hybrid seeds, three hybrid fruits were chosen to treat with different temperatures (40 ℃ and 60 ℃) and different GA3 concentrations (200, 1000, 2000 mg·L-1). The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences in fruit set percentage of hybridization between cultivars or species, and the setting percentage of cross combination was 0—81%; (2) The cultivar was used as male and female parent, and their fruit set percentages of hybridization were obviously different; (3) Different soaks had significant effects on germination percentage. Treatments with 40 ℃ temperature or 1000 mg·L-1 GA3 could significantly improve germination ability.

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Analysis of Global Ecological Suitability of Southern Chinese Materia Medica Herba Nervilia fordii

LIANG Yong-shu,GONG Lu,HUANG Zhi-hai,OUYANG Pu-yue

2017, 46(4): 339-342. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.007

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Based on sampling sites which covering both traditional and current major producing regions, the suitable ecological region and potential artificial cultivation area of Nervilia fordii with global geographic information system for medicinal plant (GMPGIS) was predicted. The results indicated that the suitable ecological regions for N. fordii cultivation in the world were China, Brazil, Vietnam and Laos and other seven countries or regions. China was the most suitable ecological area for N. fordii and the optimum area was 406 980.1 km2，accounting for 69% of the total area in the globe. Furthermore, fourteen potential suitable producing provinces in China were predicted, including Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hainan, Yunnan, ect. The ecological suitability of N. fordii was explored for its further artificial cultivation.

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Adaptive Cultivation of Phalaenopsis in Nyingchi of Tibet

XIAO Wen-fang,LI Zuo,CHEN He-ming,JIANG Ming-dian,L? Fu-bing

2017, 46(4): 343-346. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.008

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Two Phalaenopsis cultivars, ‘big chili’ and ‘green bear’, were used for the field experiment, carried out in Guangzhou and Nyingchi of Tibet. Agronomic characteristics of the varieties in different eco-environments were compared, and their chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics were measured by portable modulated chlorophyll fluorometer. The photochemical quantum yield [Y(II)] and electron transport rate (ETR) of ‘big chili’ in Nyingchi were significantly different from those in Guangzhou, but those of ‘green bear’ in Nyingchi were not significantly different from those in Guangzhou. It was showed that environmental adaptability of ‘green bear’ was higher than that of ‘big chili’. FV/FM of the two Phalaenopsis cultivars in Nyingchi were significantly lower than those in Guangzhou, showed that planting environment in Nyingchi was not conducive to the growth of Phalaenopsis.

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Physico-mechanical Properties of Keteleeria fortunei Wood

ZENG Hua-hao,XIAO Xiang-xi,GAO Nan,LIU Xiao-hui,CHEN Jin-zhang,WANG Li-qin,HE Wen-guang,LIAN Xi-chun,HUANG Sheng-ji,HUANG Xue-min

2017, 46(4): 347-350. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.009

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The wood physical and mechanical properties of Keteleeria fortunei were determined and compared. The results showed that air-dried density and oven-dry density of the wood were 0.576 g穋m-3 and 0.544 g穋m-3, respectively, which indicated that K. fortunei was medium density wood. The radial, tangential and volume shrinkage coefficients were 4.408%, 3.272% and 7.892%, respectively. And the difference of dry shrinkage was 1.347. The wood of K. fortunei was not easy to crack and deformation characteristics. The bending strength, compression strength parallel to grain, the tangential surface, the radial surface and the surface hardness of K. fortunei wood were 92.701 Mpa, 57.217 Mpa, 4635.9 N, 3420.8 N and 3606.8 N, respectively. The bending strength, compression strength parallel to grain and hardness were all medium. The wood physical and mechanical properties of 50 years old K. fortunei was better than those of 22 year old Pinus massoniana and Pinus elliottii, 28 years old Cunninghamia lanceolata and Taiwania cryptomerioides.

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Fruit and Seed Morphological Characters in 2 Species of Camellia Sect. Chrysantha

YANG Quan-guang,CHEN Yong-tang,WU Ru-hua,YANG Hai-juan

2017, 46(4): 351-354. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.010

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The fruit and seed morphological characters of Camellia nitidissima and Camellia euphlebia were investigated. The results were as follow: (1) The average single fruit weight of two species were 32.50 and 25.79 g, the shape of fruit(FT/FD) were 0.73 and 0.61, the average single seed weight were 2.87 g and 2.62 g, the shape of seed (SL/SD) were 0.76 and 0.75, the fruits and seeds of two species were oblateness; (2) The average seed number per fruit concentrated mainly on ranged from 2 to 8, the maximum value was 11; (3) The average seed number per fruit of each species was a negative relation between the average single seed weight and seed germination rate. The average single seed weight was positively related to seed germination rate.

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Wild Aromatic Plants Resources in Heilihe Nature Reserve in Inner Mongolia

SONG Shu-qin,CHEN Feng-zhen,CHENG Rui-zhi

2017, 46(4): 355-360. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.011

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The wild aromatic plants resources were investigated in Heilihe Nature Reserve. The result showed that there were 161 species of wild aromatic plants, belonging to 127 genera in 58 families. Among these aromatic plants, Asteraceae was the biggest population, including 18 species, Other advantage families were Rosaceae(16 species), Fabaceae(10 species), Liliaceae(7 species), Lamiaceae(7 species), Brassicaceae(6 species) and Caryophyllaceae(5 species). Application, aromatic position, life form, habitat and assembly plant directory of wild aromatic plants in the Heilihe nature reserve were analyzed.

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Plant Landscape of Traditional Private Garden in Yangzhou

HE Hui-wen,XU Cong

2017, 46(4): 361-365. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.012

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Five private gardens with rich natural resources in Yangzhou were regarded as study objects. Based on field survey, this study focuses on the community and scenery of the gardens. In addition, five plant landscape modification suggestions were put forward: (1) Using advanced science and technology to expand the garden space; (2) Adding modern varieties besides the protection of the ancient trees; (3) Creating beautiful artistic conceptions and reflect the region characteristics; (4) Overcoming the limitations of traditional concept and seeking for artistry and creativity; (5) Exerting ecologic function of urban green space and building a garden city.

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Effect of the Cormel Size and Sowing Density on Gladiolus Corm Yields and Quality

LIU Yu-ming

2017, 46(4): 366-370. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.013

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In order to improve the winter corms reproduction methods of gladiolus in South China, reproductive experiments were conducted by using different size of gladiolus cormels and different sowing density. Results showed that the size of gladiolus corms harvested was affected by the size of sowing cormels and sowing density. When the circumference of sowing gladiolus cormels was 2.3—3.1 cm, and the sowing density was 400 grain·m-2, the numbers of commercial corms (circumference >6 cm) and cormels were the largest (255 grain·m-2 and 9813 grain·m-2). When the circumference of sowing gladiolus cormels was 2.3—3.1 cm, and the sowing density was 200 grain·m-2, the percentage of harvested commercial corms were the highest, upto 76.38%.

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Comparison Experiment of Two Pineapple Cultivars Introduced from Taiwan in Quanzhou, Fujian

CHEN Ming-xian,CHEN Hong-bin,CHEN Qing-xi,ZHUANG Wei-dong,ZHENG Jin-shui

2017, 46(4): 371-374. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.014

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Two pineapple cultivars (Ananas comosus ‘Tainung No.16’ and A. comosus ‘Tainung No.17’) were compared with the local cultivar A. comosus ‘Sarawak’ in Quanzhou city. Plant characteristics, agronomic characters were observed, the quality characters of fruit were determined, and cold resistances were investigated. Results showed that the two pineapple cultivars with higher single fruit weight, TSS, vitamin C content and lower acid content than ‘Sarawak’, were fresh quality varieties. It was suggested that ‘Tainung NO.16’ could enlarge demonstration for stronger cold-resistant capability, and ‘Tainung NO.17’ could used as hybrid germplasm.

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In vitro Culture and Rapid Propagation of Striga asiatica

CAI Shi-ke,WEI Jie,LI Zhan-chao,WANG Ji-hua

2017, 46(4): 375-378. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.015

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Stems of Striga asiatica were used as the explants to establish optimum conditions for rapid propagation in vitro. The results showed that disinfecting the stems 7—9 min with 0.1% mercuric chloride solution was the best methods; MS medium with 3.0 mg·L-1 6-BA and 0.1 mg·L-1 IBA was optimum for inducing adventitious and proliferation reproduction. The suitable medium for rooting was MS + 0.1 mg·L-1 NAA + 0.5 mg·L-1 IBA.

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Effects of NAA and 6-BA on Tissue Culture of Tecton grandis

LI Xue-dong,HUA Shuai,LIU Chang-an

2017, 46(4): 379-382. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.016

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In this study, effects of different concentration of 6-BA and NAA on the growth of in vitro Tecton grandis seedlings were explored. The results showed that the optimum culture medium for adventitious bud differentiation was MS + 0.3 mg稬-1 6-BA + 0.6 mg稬-1 NAA + 30 g稬-1 sugar + 12 g稬-1 agar; the best medium for rooting was MS + 0.8 mg稬-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg稬-1 NAA + 30 g稬-1 sugar + 12 g稬-1 agar; and the optimum medium for subculture was MS + 0.5 mg稬-1 6-BA + 0.5 mg稬-1 NAA + 30 g稬-1 sugar + 12 g稬-1 agar.

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Transplanting of Tissue Culture Seedlings of Moringa oleifera

WANG Chang-shui,ZHANG Qing-mei,CHENG Xi-mei,CHEN Ming-yuan,LIN Long

2017, 46(4): 383-385. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.017

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With Moringa oleifera PKM2 plus tree as materials, cultivation time of root seedlings, exercising seedling time, transplanting and domesticating month, transplanting matrix were studied. Results showed that rooting culturing with 15 d and exercising seedling with 4 d was best for survival rate, which was up to 90.67%. The best month of transplanting domestication was October, the best transplanting domestication matrix was sphagnum peat and perlite with ratio of 4∶1.

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Resistance Identification of 13 Cultivars of Chinese Flowering Cabbage to Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum higginsianum

LAN Guo-bing,YU Lin,HE Zi-fu,SHE Xiao-man,TANG Ya-fei,DENG Ming-guang

2017, 46(4): 386-390. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.018

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In order to clarify resistant levels of Chinese flowering cabbage cultivars planted in Guangdong province to anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum higginsianum, thirteen typical cultivars were tested in this study. The results showed that the average disease index range of the 13 cultivars to anthracnose disease was 44.61—74.19, the average disease index of cultivar 80-tian-you-qing was lowest, and the average disease index of cultivar Cu-tai-49-you-qing was highest. Seven cultivars including Cu-tai-49-you-qing were susceptible to anthracnose disease. Other six cultivars including 80-tian-you-qing were moderate resistant to anthracnose disease. These results suggested that there were no resistant or high resistant cultivars of Chinese flowering cabbage to anthracnose disease planted in Guangdong province at present in commercial production.

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Synergistic Effects of the Combination of Bacillus licheniformis W10 and Chemical Fungicides on Monilinia fructicola

HE Hui-wen,JI Zhao-lin,XU Jing-you,TONG Yun-hui,SONG Hong-feng

2017, 46(4): 391-393. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.019

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To screen synergistic effect of the compound of bacterial suspension, antifungal protein of Bacillus licheniformis W10 and chemical germicide on Monilinia fructicola, the experiments were performed by colony diameter inhibited. Results showed that the mixtures of antifungal protein and carbendazim with ratios of 100∶1 could obviously increase the toxicity (SR = 4.32). Therefore, B. licheniformis W10 mixed with some fungicides could be used for biocontrol of peach brown rot.

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Advances on Chemical Constituents and Pharmacology of Camellia oleifera

WANG Yue,HE En-ming,WANG Ya-ying,LI Li-ming,LIU Hua-xin,HUANG Xiu-mei,WU Chun

2017, 46(4): 394-400. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.04.020

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Camellia oleifera, which has high edible and medicinal value, is the particular plant in China. From the phytochemical view, the second metabolites such as terpenoids and their saponins, flavonoids, polyphenols, polysaccharides and protein-class components had been reported from this species. Pharmacological research showed that C. oleifera had many efficacy, including anti- inflammatory, antineoplastic, antioxidant, hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic activities. In this paper，the chemical components and pharmacology of C. oleifera were reviewed to provide references for its further development and utilization.

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