Abstract: Based on ancient herbal books and modern documents of Ganlan (Chinese traditional drug), a medicine recorded in Bencao Tujing, its characteristic, origin, efficacy were researched. The results showed that the original plants of Ganlan and illustration ‘Quanzhou Ganlan’ recorded in Bencao Tujing were Canarium album (Lour.) Rauesch., the original plants of ‘Bosi Ganlan’ recorded in Bencao Tujing were Canarium bengalense Roxb., while the original plants of Ganlan recorded in Zhiwu Mingshi Tukao were Elaeocarpus sylvestris (Lour.) Poir. Thus, clarifying the breeds of Ganlan in the Bencao Tujing, and some confuse variety, provided basic guarantee for the experimental research and development and application of Ganlan (Canarium album (Lour.) Rauesch.).

Key words: Bencao Tujing, Ganlan, Quanzhou Ganlan, herbal textual research

摘要： 通过古代本草典籍及现代文献，对《本草图经》中记载的药物橄榄从植物形态、产地、功效等3个方面进行考证。结果表明，《本草图经》记载的橄榄以及附图“泉州橄榄”，其基原物种为橄榄科植物橄榄[Canarium album (Lour.) Rauesch.]；《本草图经》中记载的波斯橄榄，其基原物种为橄榄科植物方榄(Canarium bengalense Roxb.)；而《植物名实图考》中的橄榄，其基原物种是杜英科植物山杜英[Elaeocarpus sylvestris (Lour.) Poir.]。从而基本厘清《本草图经》的橄榄品种，以及橄榄的一些混淆品种，为橄榄的实验研究及开发应用提供基础保障。

关键词: 《本草图经》, 橄榄, 泉州橄榄, 本草考证