Subtropical Plant Science

Isolation, Identification and Pathogenicity Analysis of Soft Rot Pathogen from Oncidium ‘Gower Ramsey’

YANG Xue,YE Wei,LI Yong-qing,JIANG Jin-lan,CAO Yi-yang,LEI Fu-gui

2017, 46(03): 201-208. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.001

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A soft rot pathogen was isolated, identificated and pathogenicity analysed from Oncidium ‘Gower Ramsey’. Morphological analysis indicated that the bacteria colonies were milky white and irregular diffused; microscope analysis showed that the bacteria was gram negative and short rod-like; 16S rDNA sequencing results showed high similar to known bacteria Dickeya dadantii 3937, then those bacteria Onc1—Onc7 were identified as D. dadantii. Pathogenicity test showed that the pathogenic bacteria Onc5 could infect all 4 Oncidium hybrids and 1 Oncidium intergeneric hybrid, Onc5 could also infect Phalaenopsis, Anoectochilus roxburghii and Dendrobium officinale. But D. officinale showed some degrees of resistance to Onc5. Kanamycin had strong inhibitory effects on the bacterial isolate Onc5.

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Prokaryotic Expression and Its Optimization of Polyphenol Oxidase Gene (PbPPO) in Pyrus bretschneideri ‘Dangshan Su’

CHANG Yan,LIU Xiao-feng,JIN Qing,CAI Yong-ping,NIE Fan,LIN Yi

2017, 46(03): 209-214. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.002

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This study cloned the full-length cDNA sequence of a polyphenol oxidase gene (PbPPO) from Dangshan Su pear. The bioinformatics analysis showed that the full-length of PbPPO gene was 1782 bp, encoding 593 amino acids. The amino acid sequence consisted of three parts: N terminal chloroplast transport peptide, Cu binding region and C-terminal hydrophobic region. In order to further study the function of PbPPO gene, the prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a-PbPPO was successfully constructed, and the fusion protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta. After optimization, it was proved that the fusion protein had the highest expression at 28 ℃ and 1.0 mmol·L-1 IPTG for 5 h. This study not only created the conditions for the study of PbPPO enzymatic properties, but also provided the scientific basis for the molecular regulation of stone cell content and the improvement of Dangshan Su pear quality.

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Effect of NaCl Stress on Physiological Characteristics of Chrysophyllum cainito Leaves

SONG Zhi-yu,LIU Yu-mei,CHI Min-jie

2017, 46(03): 215-218. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.003

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To understand the tolerance and the physiological characteristics of Chrysophyllum cainito under NaCl stress, the potted plants were watered with 0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% NaCl, the index including contents of chlorophyll, regulatory substances, MDA and the antioxidant enzyme activities of leaves were measured. The results showed that chlorophyll synthesis were significantly restricted under the NaCl stress. Both of SOD and POD activities dropped first and then increased with NaCl concentration increasing, and CAT activity increased to a peak under 0.2% NaCl and then dropped. The content of soluble protein dropped under NaCl stress while that of proline, soluble sugar increased significantly. It was deduced that proline or soluble sugar working as osmotic potentials in cells played a key role in salt tolerance of C. cainito.

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Effect of Drought Stress and Rewatering on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Machilus chekiangensis Seedlings

LAN Lai-jiao,LIN Wei-tong,MING Yi,LIU Yu-yin,CUI Si-ming,ZHENG Ming-xuan,WU Yong-bin

2017, 46(03): 219-224. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.004

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The drought resistance of Machilus chekiangensis seedlings was identified and evaluated using simulated drought stress and rehydration in green house. The results were as follows: with the increase of stress time, soil water content, relative leaf water content, growth amount of net height and net ground diameter of seedlings decreased significantly. SP content, SOD activity, Chl a, Chl b, Car contents and Chl a/b increased at first, and then declined under severe drought, while Pro content and MDA content increased throughout the whole process. After rewatering, soil water content, net height of seedlings and SOD activity treated 5 days was basically restored to CK, and SOD activity treated during 10—30 days was higher than that of CK. The relative leaf water content, net ground diameter, SP content and Pro content were significantly restored to CK. MDA content decreased and the value of each drought stress was higher than that of CK. Chl a, Chl b, Car contents and Chla/b were all smaller, and the peak of each index also became smaller. Through analyzing the variation of these indexes, it was concluded that M. chekiangensis seedlings had a certain drought tolerance.

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Effects of Different Concentrations of Chloride in the Reclaimed Water on SPAD Value of Landscape Plants

XIAO Yu,HU Wen-qiang,LUO Ying-chun,RU Zheng-zhong

2017, 46(03): 225-230. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.005

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Ten kinds of landscape plants in Shenzhen were irrigated the reclaimed water of different concentrations of chloride ions. And the effects of chloride ions on the growth and development of plants were studied by analyzing SPAD values of leaves. The results showed that the chloride ion concentration of reclaimed water, irrigation time and the species of plant had influence on plant growth. In the same irrigation time, with the increase of the concentration of chloride ions in reclaimed water, the SPAD values of Duranta repens ‘Dwarf Yellow’, Carmona microphylla, Rhoeo discolor, Allemanda cathartica, Excoecaria cochinchinensis, Altemanthera ficoidea decreased first and then increased slowly. At the same concentrations of chloride ions of irrigated water, the SPAD values of Duranta repens ‘Dwarf Yellow’, Ficus microcarpa ‘Golden Leaves’, Calliandra haematocephala and Ixora chinensis increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation time. Their maximum values generally occured during irrigated time 60 days and 120 days. When the chloride ion concentration of reclaimed water more than 350 mg·L-1, Rhododendron pulchrum withered to death, so the chloride ion concentration less than 350 mg·L-1 of reclaimed water could be applied to greening water.

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Study on Growth and Biomass of 3 Species of Landscape Tree Seedlings

LIANG Jun-long,LI Bi-ru,WENG Shu-fei,FAN Ti-feng

2017, 46(03): 231-235. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.006

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The morphological characteristics and biomass allocation of three species of landscape tree seedlings, Cinnamomum burmannii, Elaeocarpus sylvestris and Ilex rotunda, were measured and evaluated. The results showed that the shoot height and diameter of three plant seedlings were relatively uniform, but seedlings biomasses of three species of landscape tree were different. Ilex rotunda had a highest underground biomass, and significant difference compared to C. burmannii and E. sylvestris(P<0.05). While C. burmannii had a highest aboveground biomass and total biomass, and significant difference compared to I. rotunda and E. sylvestris(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between stem mass ratio of seedlings of 3 species, but root and leaf mass ratios were different. Root mass ratio of I. rotunda was significantly higher than E. sylvestris and C. burmannii. Leaf mass ratios of three plant seedlings were significantly different(P<0.05), C. burmannii was highest. Bulk index and Dickson quality index were significantly correlated with biomass(P<0.05), but Dickson quality index was more relevant to be used for evaluation of garden tree seedling, there was a highly significant correlation between aboveground dry biomass and total biomass(P<0.01).

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Tissue Culture of Phyllanthus urinaria

HUANG Wen,LIN Liang-tong,XU Chuan-jun,ZHENG Zhi-zhong,CHEN Liang-hua,MING Yan-lin

2017, 46(03): 236-239. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.007

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Using stem-segment with node of Phyllanthus urinaria as explants, effects of different culture medium and hormones on induction of P. urinaria were analyzed. Using germ-free shoots as material, proliferation, rooting, acclimatization and transplant of P. urinaria were studied. The results showed that the combination of 1/2MS + 6-BA 2.0 mg·L-1 + IBA 0.2 mg·L-1 + agar 7.5 g·L-1 + sucrose 30 g·L-1 + activated carbon 0.5 g·L-1 (pH 5.8—6.0) was the optimal medium for buds induction with induction rate of 100%; the optimum for multiple shoots was the combination of 1/2MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1 + IBA 0.2 mg·L-1 + agar 7.5 g·L-1 + sucrose 30 g·L-1 (pH 5.8—6.0) and the average multiplication coefficient was 3.8; It was best to rooting under the condition of 1/2MS + IBA 0.5 mg·L-1 + agar 7.5 g·L-1 + sucrose 20 g·L-1 (pH 5.8—6.0) and the rooting rate was 100%. After closing cap 2 d and then opened cap 3 d to practice seedlings and transplant, surviving of tube plantlet rates could reach 86.6%.

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Effects of Precursors Addition on Adventitious Root Induction and the Triptolide Content in Tissue Culture of Tripterygium wilfordii

HUANG Shu-yan,ZHENG Yu-shan

2017, 46(03): 240-243. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.008

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With citric acid, sodium pyruvate, sodium acetate, L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine, lysine as precursors in tissue culture of Tripterygium wilfordii, the rooting of explants and the content of triptolide was determined after 30 d. The results showed that 3.0 mg稬-1 pyruvic acid in illumination condition and 1.0 mg稬-1 sodium acetate in dark condition could get the maximum amount of adventitious roots, while 1.0 mg稬-1 lysine in illumination condition and 1.0 mg稬-1 tyrosine in dark condition could get the highest concentration of triptolide.

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Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Flowers and Leaves of Thymus mongolicus with Solid Phase Microextraction by GC/MS

SONG Shu-qin,GU Mao,HAO Zhuo-min,CHEN Fei-peng

2017, 46(03): 244-247. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.009

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The volatile compounds from flowers and leaves of Thymus mongolicus were collected by solid phase microextraction (SPME). The chemical constituents were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Quantitative analysis in percent was performed by peak area normalization measurements. Twenty-four and fourteen species of chemical components in flowers and leaves were identified by GC/MS respectively. The contents of identified compounds extracted from flowers and leaves were 97.187% and 99.573% of the total volatile substances respectively. The essential components were the phenols and terpenes, and the proportions of thymol in flowers and leaves were highest, upto 49.13% and 35.38%, respectively.

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Genetic Variation of Young Forest Growth Traits of Neolamarckia cadamba

QUE Qing-min,LI Pei,OUYANG Kun-xi,LI Jun-cheng,ZHANG Jun-jie,CHEN Xiao-yang

2017, 46(03): 248-253. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.010

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Eleven provenances of Neolamarckia cadamba were used as materials to carry out provenances test in three experimental sites, Leizhou in Guangdong, Haikou and Dongfang in Hainan. The diameter at the breast height (DBH), tree height and volume of 2-year-old young plants were investigated, and the statistical analysis was carried out. Results showed that all growth characteristics among sites, provenances, the blocks within the sites, the interaction of site and provenance, the interaction of provenances and the block within the sites were all significantly different. Eleven provenances could be divided into three groups.

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Effects of NaCl Stress on the Leaf Anatomy of Two Manilkara Species

LIU Yu-mei,SONG Zhi-yu

2017, 46(03): 254-257. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.011

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To explore effects of NaCl stress on leaf morphological structures of Manilkara roxburghiana and M. zapota, paraffin section, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were adopted. The results indicated that the characteristics of epidermis and tissue structures were related to the NaCl concentration. When NaCl concentration rising, the cuticle creased, the stoma was widely opened, the stomatal apparatus turned abnormal, the palisade tissues loosened, the spongy tissues and vascular bundles were distorted. The phloem was distorted earlier than xylem. The leaf tissue structure kept normal under low NaCl concentration (0, 0.2%, 0.4%) while observed abnormal under high NaCl concentration (0.6%, 0.8%), showing the changes of tissue structure later than those of epidermis.

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Clone Growth Adaptability of Tolerance Barren Elites of Cunninghamia lanceolata by Cuttage Propagation

GUO Xiang-quan,WU Zai-zhang,LIU Jian,WU Cheng-zhong,GUO Yong-jun

2017, 46(03): 258-262. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.012

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The different trunk-stem cutting of barren tolerance elites clone of Cunninghamia lanceolata was treated in different season. The results indicated that rate of survival of the cutting with single-crown was higher than that of the cutting without crown by cottage propagation. And the height and ground diameter were significant different between them. Current year’s rate of survival, height and ground diameter were affected by cutting seasons. Current year’s height and ground diameter of cuttings in March or May were exceed the national standard, current year’s of height and ground diameter of cuttings in June were smaller because of the short growing period. With the cutting without crown before June, current year’s seedling wasⅠseedling of the national standard of clone of C. lanceolata, which could increase the use ratio of cutting wood, and was in favour of popularization and application of clone.

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Effect of Thinning Intensity on Growth and Plant Diversity of Water Conservation Forests in Shanghai

HUANG Dan,PENG Zhi,HAN Yu-jie

2017, 46(03): 263-266. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.013

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In this study, effects of thinning intensity on growth and plant diversity of water conservation forests in Shanghai were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that in the 4th year after thinning，the diameter at breast height (DBH) and height of most treatments were higher than that of the control group. While no clear change was observed in the 2nd year after thinning. The effects of thinning intensity on different kinds of stand growth and species diversity indices of plants were different: the 65% thinning intensity was the most helpful to growth of Elaeocarpus decipiens; the mixed forest of Cinnamomumc amphora and Bischofia polycarpa grew best with 30% thinning intensity; the mixed forest grew best with 20%—30% thinning intensity.

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Plant Species Composition and Their Application to Urban Road Dividing Stripes in Shenzhen

YIN Ting-hui,DAI Yao-liang,HE Guo-qiang,LIN Wan-huang

2017, 46(03): 267-273. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.014

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To find plant composition and utilization of Shenzhen urban dividing stripes and explore urban dividing stripe greening construction and development of countermeasures, 37 various types of standard dividing stripes were set based on general survey of 100 roads, their greening plant species, hierarchical structure, plant community design were investigated. The results indicated the richness of urban dividing stripes planting species in Shenzhen (up to 125), the diversity of plant community design patterns (up to 9), together with the absolute domination of broadleaf evergreen plants remaining green through all seasons, while the ratio of everblooming ornamental flowers was appropriate and moderate. In the case of different life-form’s quantity constitution, within the 30 m2 of green area，tree∶shrub∶ground cover(m2)∶green space(m2)=3.1∶2.4∶15.5∶30.0, tree density was too large. It was proposed that adding the proportion of native plant species, colored foliage plants and ornamental flowers, and reasonably decreasing the quatity of trees as well as properly increasing application of shrubs would optimize the community structure. The local characteristics and countermeasures of urban style would be completely expressed on the basis of display harmony and stable plant community.

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Screening and Application Analysis of Indigenous Plants Suitable for Rain Garden in Guangdong Province

CHEN Yu-ting,CHEN Yu-wen,LIN Shi-shi,GAO Yu-rong,LUO Lian,YU Fa-qin

2017, 46(03): 274-280. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.015

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Combining with literature review and field investigation, the native plant resources suitable for rain garden in Guangdong Province were screened. There were 63 species belonging to 39 families and 54 genera, including 6 species of trees, 5 species of shrubs, 1 species of vines, and 51 species of herbs. There were 21 species of partial shade and 42 species of partial full sunlight. According to classification of the pools zone of rain garden, the slope area and the external buffer zone, the related taxa were determined, and the landscape collocation effects were summarized and evaluated. Moreover, combining with the trend of development in China’s urban city and the construction of characteristic town, potential application of native plant resources in nursery stock market were analyzed.

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Effects of Different Planting Densities on the Yield of Hydroponic Brassica campestris

ZHENG Hui-yong,YAN Yu-jie,XU Jing,XIAO Hua-shan

2017, 46(03): 281-284. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.016

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The plant height, weight and leaf number of Brassica campestris were studied under different planting densities by soilless culture and protected cultivation techniques. The results showed that plant growth of A1, A2, A3 and A4 had little difference for their relatively large planting densities at early growth stage. During the mature period, plant growth in different planting density was quite different. The smaller density, growth of the single plant was more favorable, but total yield was lower. The yield of A4 was the highest, up to 45.92 t穐m-2, the growth rate was 30.75%, 50.11%, 121.62%, 129.60%, compared to A1, A2, A3 and A5, respectively. The planting density of A1 was the same with A4 (50 plant穖-2), but the distribution of A4 was conducive to plant growth, so the higher yield of A4.

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Anoectochilus brevilabris——A New Record of Orchidaceae from China

WU Yan-bin,TIAN Huai-zhen,ZHENG Li-xiang,XU Bao-ling,ZHENG Cheng-jian,HUANG Ze-hao,WU Jin-zhong

2017, 46(03): 285-287. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.017

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Anoectochilus燽revilabris燣indl. was a new record of Chinese flora. The detailed morphological description and photos were also provided. This species is characterized by short broad triangular and tridentate flanges on the claw of the lip.

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Two Newly Recorded Species of Orchidaceae from Tibet

MA Liang,ZHAI Jun-wen,CHEN Shi-pin,DONG Jian-wen

2017, 46(03): 288-290. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.018

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Two newly recorded species of Orchidaceae from Tibet were reported, Mycaranthes floribunda (D. Don) S. C. Chen & J. J. Wood and Pinalia pachyphylla (Averyanov) S. C. Chen & J. J. Wood. Brief morphological descriptions and photos were provided. The new record species were found in Medog County of the Tibet Autonomous Region. The herbariums were deposited in the College of Forestry of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU).

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New Distributional Records of 3 Species of Prunus L. in China

WU Bao-huan,SHI Wen-ting,ZHAO Xu-ming,YANG Hai-jun,CUI Da-fang

2017, 46(03): 291-293. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.019

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Three new records of Prunus species to some provinces of China were reported. The record of Prunus japonica Thunb. in Anhui Province was confirmed. The herbarium of Prunus discoidea (T. T. Yu & C. L. Li) Z. Wei & Y. B. Chang collected from Hunan Province (1404254, CSFI) was identified again.

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Three Species of Vascular Plants Newly Recorded in Anhui Province, China

ZHANG Yao-ru,ZHANG Hong,CHEN Hao,PENG Dai-yin,ZHANG Mao-ting,BAI Zhi-lan,LIU Shou-jin

2017, 46(03): 294-296. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.020

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Three species of plants, including two ferns and one seed plant, were firstly reported in Anhui Province. They were Dipalziopsis cavaleriana (Christ) C Chr. (Diplaziopsidaceae), Asplenium speluncae Christ (Aspleniaceae), and Sedum amplibracteatum K. T. Fu (Crassulaceae). All the specimens were preserved in Herbarium of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine(ACM).

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The Application of Natural Plant Products in Cosmetics

HONG Xiao-yun

2017, 46(03): 297-300. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2017.03.021

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Natural plant products have advantages in prevention and treatment of skin. They also strengthen skin activity. They have been widely used in cosmetics, because of theirs non-toxic, harmless and non-harmful side-effects. They have consistent high praise in the industry. Three kinds of main natural plant products (polysaccharides, polyphenols and terpene), and their mechanism and application in cosmetics and development prospect were reviewed.

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