Abstract: The typical wetlands in the Yellow River Delta National Natural Reserve had been selected to research on the variation rules of plant community composition and diversity along the environment gradient explored. The results showed that from the community of Ass. Phragmites australis-Typha angustifolia to Ass. Suaeda salsa, (1) the species richness fluctuated and there was the highest species richness in the community of Ass. Salix matsudana-Phragmites australis-Imperata cylinddrica var. major, while there was the lowest species richness in the community of Ass. Suaeda salsa; (2) α diversity of the community had a different fashion compared with species richness, and the Shannon-Winner diversity and Pelou evenness index had a pattern of fluctuated downward trend, while Simpson dominance index showed a pattern of fluctuating upward trend; (3) the changes of the β diversity pattern were not the same, and Jaccard index showed a fluctuated change, while the Copy index had a pattern of fluctuated downward trend. The changes of typical community composition and species richness in the Yellow River Delta wetlands were mainly related to the changes of habitats.

Key words: species diversity, community composition, typical wetland, the Yellow River Delta National Natural Reserve

摘要： 以黄河三角洲自然保护区典型湿地群落为研究对象，探讨其物种组成及物种多样性的梯度变化规律。结果表明，从芦苇－香蒲群落到翅碱蓬群落梯度上：（1）群落物种丰富度呈波动性变化，旱柳－芦苇－白茅群落的物种丰富度最高，其次是芦苇－柽柳－翅碱蓬群落、芦苇－香蒲群落、柽柳－翅碱蓬群落，翅碱蓬群落的物种丰富最低；（2）群落的α多样性的变化格局与丰富度的变化格局不太一致，其中Shannon-Winner多样性指数与Pelou均匀度指数表现为波动性的下降趋势，而Simpson优势度指数则表现为波动性的上升趋势；（3）群落的β多样性变化格局也不完全相同，其中相异性系数呈波动性降低趋势，Copy指数则表现为先升高再降低的变化趋势。黄河三角洲典型湿地植物群落组成和物种多样性的梯度变化主要与生境变化有关。

关键词: 物种多样性, 群落组成, 典型湿地, 黄河三角洲自然保护区