Abstract: Using diploid variety tomato as the internal reference, the genome sizes of 54 collected germplasm at home and abroad and 14 seedlings of Bougainvillea resources were estimated by flow cytometry, and the chromosome ploidy was calculated with diploid as the control. The results showed that: (1) the peaks of the selected samples assayed were completely separated from that of the control without overlapping, and the peak shape was clear and concentrated, suggesting that the estimation of Bougainvillea genome size and ploidy was effective; (2) among the tested materials, 34 germplasm were diploids with genome sizes of 2.48–2.86 Gb, 28 germplasm were triploids with genome sizes of 3.65–4.22 Gb, 5 germplasm were tetraploid with genome sizes of 4.98–5.12 Gb. In addition, a Bougainvillea germplasm resource ‘Big Phnom Penh bayberry’ was identified as a mixoploid of 2X, 4X and 6X. The usage of flow cytometry assay could shorten the time while improve the efficiency towards the identification of Bougainvillea chromosome ploidy.

Key words: Bougainvillea; flow cytometry; genome size; ploidy; breeding

摘要： 以国内外收集的54份三角梅(Bougainvillea)资源和14份实生种质为材料，选用番茄(Solanum lycopersicum)为内参，采用流式细胞术估测三角梅基因组大小，并以二倍体品种为对照，计算三角梅染色体倍性。结果表明：(1) 所选用的内参与待检测样品的最高值能完全分开，没有重叠峰，峰型比较清晰集中，可以对三角梅基因组大小进行有效估测。(2) 供试材料中有34份二倍体，基因组大小为2.48～2.86 Gb；有28份三倍体，基因组大小为3.65～4.22 Gb；有5份四倍体，基因组大小为4.98～5.12 Gb；另外，‘大金边杨梅’为2X、4X、6X混倍体。利用流式细胞法鉴定三角梅染色体倍性可缩短鉴定时间，提高鉴定效率。

关键词: 三角梅, 流式细胞术, 基因组大小, 染色体倍性, 育种