Abstract: The effects of phosphorus reduction on the growth, physiology, yield and quality of Astragalus mongolicus were studied to provide scientific basis for its fertilization and cultivation. The growth, physiology, yield and quality indexes were measured by setting 4 phosphorus application levels. Results showed that phosphorus reduction by 25% treatment (P2) had a significant effect of on growth, yield and quality of A. membranaceus. The seedling emergence rate, leaf area, root length, root diameter, fresh biomass, dry biomass, carotenoids, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, economic benefit and glucosinolate of acacia catechu exhibited significantly increased by 6.76%, 3.32%, 6.76%, 18.01%, 2.13%, 3.80%, 26.00%, 7.12%, 12.04%, 3.90%, 10.72% and 13.47% respectively, compared to the full phosphorus application treatment. There were no significant differences in stem diameter, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, fresh yield, dry yield, drying rate, first grade rate, total ash, extract, polysaccharide and astragaloside, compared with total phosphorus application.

Key words: Astragalus mongolicus, phosphate fertilizer, growth, yield, quality

摘要： 为了研究减磷对黄芪生长、生理、产量及品质的影响，本试验设置4个施磷水平，测定黄芪生长、生理、产量和品质指标。结果表明施磷减量25%处理(P2)的减量增效效果显著，出苗率、叶面积、根长、根粗、鲜生物量、干生物量、类胡萝卜素、SOD活性、POD活性、CAT活性、经济效益和毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷较全量施磷分别增加6.76%、3.32%、6.76%、18.01%、2.13%、3.80%、26.00%、7.12%、12.04%、3.90%、10.72%和13.47%，茎粗、叶绿素a、叶绿素b、鲜产量、干产量、折干率、一等品率、总灰分、浸出物、多糖和黄芪甲苷较全量施磷无显著差异。

关键词: 黄芪, 磷肥, 生长, 产量, 品质