Abstract: Based on the taxonomic database and a large amount of literature, this study takes administrative counties as the basic unit to sort out the wild Lamiaceae distributed in Chinese Mainland. The species diversity, genus flora, and distribution were analyzed, resulting in the establishment of a geographical distribution dataset for wild Lamiaceae in China. As of January 2024, 100 genera and 1,387 species (including subspecies and varieties) were recorded. Among these, only Scutellaria, a genus with more than 150 species. The genera with species numbers between 101 and 150 include Salvia with 137 species and Isodon with 106 species. Thirty-six genera contain between 6 and 50 species, totaling 733 species, representing the main component of wild Lamiaceae in China. Fifty-nine genera have 5 or fewer species, totaling 119 species, accounting for 8.58% of the total number of wild Lamiaceae species in China. Thirty-three genera are represented by only one species in China, indicating a high genus diversity but low species richness within genera. The primary genera are Scutellaria, Salvia, and Isodon, with a total of 394 species, accounting for 28.62% of the total species. Wild Lamiaceae are distributed across all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China, primarily in the eastern Himalayas, the mountains of western Hubei and eastern Chongqing, southeastern Tibet-northwestern Yunnan, and the mountains of eastern Yunnan-western Guangxi. The highest species richness is found in Yunnan Province (658 species) and Sichuan Province (532 species). The flora of the genus was diverse. According to Wu Zhengyi's classification of the distribution areas of Chinese seed plant genera, the 100 genera of wild Lamiaceae in China belong to 15 typical types and 12 variant types. Tropical and temperate floristic elements dominate. Genera related to tropical flora account for 39 genera and 548 species, showing a significant predominance. Temperate elements follow, with six genera exhibiting a Mediterranean distribution and two genera exhibiting disjunct distributions between East Asia and North America. Wild Lamiaceae in China are functionally diverse, mainly categorized into medicinal plants, aromatic plants, nectar plants, wild vegetables, ornamental plants, and oil plants. Although some Lamiaceae groups have been explored for their value, many groups remain under-researched, warranting further mechanism research and utilization.

Key words: flora, Lamiaceae, biodiversity, geographical distribution

摘要： 基于分类学数据库及大量文献资料，以行政县为基本单元对中国陆域分布的野生唇形科进行整理，统计其物种多样性、属的区系、分布地等信息，建立中国野生唇形科植物地理分布数据集。截至 2024年1月，共记录100属1387种(含亚种、变种)，其中属内含种数＞150的属仅有黄芩属Scutellaria；属内物种数介于101～150的属为鼠尾草属Salvia (137种)、香茶菜属Isodon (106种)；属内物种数介于6～50的共有36属，合计733种，是中国野生唇形科植物的主要成分；属内包含种数≤5的属共有59个，合计119种，占中国野生唇形科植物总种数的8.58%；属内只有一种在中国有分布的属多达33个，表明中国野生唇形科植物属内种较为贫乏但属多样性高的特点。以黄芩属、鼠尾草属、香茶菜属为主要分布属，3属共394种，占总物种数的28.62%；野生唇形科在我国所有省、自治区、直辖市均有分布，主要分布在我国喜马拉雅山脉东段、鄂西渝东山地、藏东南–滇西北地区、滇东–桂西山地，尤以云南省(658种)、四川省(532种)物种丰富度为最高；属的区系成分多样，根据吴征镒对中国种子植物属的分布区类型的划分原则，中国野生唇形科植物100属归属于15个正型与12个变型。以热带区系及温带区系占主导，与热带区系分布有关的属共计37属479种，明显占优势地位；温带成分次之；也有6个地中海区系分布的属及2个东亚和北美洲间断分布的属渗入。中国野生唇形科植物功能多样，主要可分为药用植物类、香料植物类、蜜源植物类、野生蔬菜类、观赏植物类和油脂植物类。我国已对一些唇形科类群进行价值挖掘，但是部分类群的应用价值仍未见研究开发，值得深入开展机理研究和利用。

关键词: 植物区系, 唇形科, 生物多样性, 地理分布