Abstract: Navel orange (Citrus sinensis cvs.Robertson,Fengqi and Newhall) were chosen as testing materials in Zhoupo,Jingyan County.The studies of pectinmethylesterase (PE),polygalacturonase (PG),β-glycosidase and cellulase in navel orange during development of fruits were shown as follows.PE,PG and β-glycosidase could be tested at different stages.PE activity of pulp was greater than that of peel obviously,the changes of PE activities from Newhall and Robertson navel oranges had three peaks;PE activity of Newhall varied greatly than those of Robertson and Fengqi.PG activity was greater at maturity stage than at young and the expanding stages;PG activity in pulp was greater than in peel.β-glycosidase activity was tested firstly in fruits and the peak of β-glycosidase activity was at maturity stage.The peak of PE activity appeared earlier than those of PG and β-glycosidase.PE and PG were the major enzymes effected the development of navel orange fruits.

Key words: Navel orange, fruit, pectinmethylesterase, polygalacturonase, β-glycosidase, cellulase

摘要： 以罗伯逊脐橙、丰脐、纽荷尔脐橙果实为试材,对其果皮和果肉的果胶甲酯酶(PE)、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、β-葡萄糖苷酶和纤维素酶(CX)的动态变化进行研究。结果表明,三个品种PE活性均为果肉明显高于果皮,其中纽荷尔和罗脐分别在果实膨大期、转色期和成熟期出现三个峰值;PE活性变幅纽荷尔大于罗脐,丰脐变化较平稳。PG活性果肉略高果皮,且皆在转色期开始快速升高。首次对脐橙果实β-葡萄糖苷酶研究表明,该酶活性微弱,成熟期活性最高,纽荷尔高于丰脐和罗脐;动态变化中果皮和果肉无明显差异。酶活性高峰出现的时间为PE早于PG和β-葡萄糖苷酶;PE和PG是影响脐橙果实发育的主要酶,β-葡萄糖苷酶可能是PE和PG的补充。

关键词: 脐橙, 果实, 果胶甲酯酶, 多聚半乳糖醛酸酶, &beta, -葡萄糖苷酶, 纤维素酶