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Research Advances in Metabolic Regulation, Storage and Transport of Carotenoids in Plants YU Yin-feng, LIU Qing-qing, LIU Xiao-chun, ZHANG Da-sheng, CUI Li-jie Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (1): 80-88.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.01.012 Abstract （86）      PDF（pc） （367KB）（6660）       Knowledge map    Save Carotenoids are a group of natural pigments widely found in plants, which are generally composed of C40 terpenoids and their derivatives, which are connected from end to end of 8 isoprene units. In plants, carotenoids not only make plant organs appear color, but also perform important biological functions. In recent years, although the biosynthesis pathway of carotenoids is relatively clear, the mechanisms of metabolic regulation, including storage and transport of carotenoids in vivo are not yet understood. This paper briefly summarized the research progress of the biosynthesis, storage localization of carotenoids and terpenoid transporters, and focused on the potential substances that mediate carotenoid transport and the methods of identifying carotenoid transporters, in order to provide a better understanding of carotenoid synthesis and transportation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Progress on Food-grade Microbial Fermented Traditional Chinese Medicine ZHENG Jia-xin, ZHANG Jian, JIANG Bei-xian, ZHANG Yu-li, HU Jin-yu, ZHAO Yan Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (4): 361-368.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.04.012 Abstract （97）      PDF（pc） （363KB）（3797）       Knowledge map    Save Food-grade microbial fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine is the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese medicine processing. After fermented by food-grade microorganism, the extraction rate of effective components of traditional Chinese medicine was improved, the drug effect was enhanced, and the toxic and side effects were reduced. Furthermore, it also had the advantages of improving taste and saving resources. It has broad research and application prospects in breeding, medical care, cosmetics and other fields. This article reviewed the current research progress of food-grade microbial fermentation of traditional Chinese medicine, mainly from the perspectives of fermentation technology, strain breeding and medicine and food homology of traditional Chinese medicine, and analyzed the effects of current traditional Chinese medicine through fermentation on its synergistic effect, taste and application in different fields, providing development ideas and references for the follow-up research of traditional Chinese medicine. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Visual Analysis of Effects of Nutrients on Plant Drought Responses Based on Bibliometrics ZHAO Yong-ju, OUYANG Sheng-nan, TIE Lie-hua, CUI Yong, DUAN Hong-lang Subtropical Plant Science    2022, 51 (5): 405-416.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2022.05.012 Abstract （107）      PDF（pc） （409KB）（1934）       Knowledge map    Save Under global climate change, increasing number of studies indicate that the intensity and frequency of drought will continue to increase globally in the future, becoming the main factor restricting plant growth and leading to plant death. Many studies had found that nutrient addition could affect plant responses to drought stress, but there was a lack of literature tracking and visualization studies. Therefore, we conducted a comprehensive analysis on relevant research papers searched in Web of Science, mainly using bibliometric methods and R bibliometric packages. The results showed that the number of published papers on the effects of fertilization on plant drought responses continued to increase from 2008 to 2021, with the most rapid increase since 2018. Northwest A&F University had the largest number of publications in this field (43), and there was a close cooperative relationship among various institutions. Most of the research papers were published in agricultural and forestry journals, among which Agronomy-Basel had the largest number of papers and Global Change Biology had the highest H-index. The most frequent keywords during the 14 years included drought, climate change, fertilization, nitrogen, yield and water use efficiency. The results of cluster analysis showed that in a series of studies on the effects of nutrient addition on plant response to drought, researchers focused on the water use efficiency, plant yield and plant physiological dynamics. Based on the background of global climate change, we predicted that the mechanism of nutrient addition affecting plant drought response would be an important research direction in this field in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Chloroplast Genome Characteristics and Phylogeny of the Genus Lycoris (Amaryllidaceae) FU Wen-fo, XIAO Tao, ZHANG Yong-hong Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (4): 271-286.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.04.001 Abstract （144）      PDF（pc） （6727KB）（1899）       Knowledge map    Save In this study, the basic characteristics and phylogenetic relationship of chloroplast genome sequences from 17 species of Lycoris were analyzed. The results showed that the chloroplast genomes of Lycoris had a typical quadripartite circle structure with a total length of 158 335–158 761 bp and a total GC content of 37.7%–37.8%. The number of genes was 133–137, and the number of protein-coding genes, rRNA genes, and tRNA genes were identical in different species. There were 41–57 interspersed repeats and 66–74 SSR loci detected, among which single nucleotide A/T repeats were the most frequent. Codon preference analysis showed that the number of coding codons ranged from 26 448 to 26 740. The RSCU values of 31 codons were greater than 1 and the third base of 29 codons were A or U, which indicated that Lycoris plant preferred codons ended with A or U. The results of chloroplast genome alignment and collinearity analysis exhibited highly conservative with no rearrangement and inversion observed. Higher variation frequency of non-coding regions versus coding regions was detected. The IR boundary analysis showed that rpl22, rps19 and ndhF genes in some species crossed the JLB or JSB boundary due to the contraction and expansion of the IR region. Nucleotide polymorphism analysis detected 7 highly variable genes or intergenic regions, trnG-UCC, atpF-atpH, psbC-trnS-UGA-psbZ, trnG-GCC-psbZ, rpl32, trnL-UAG- rpl32-ccsA, rps15-ycf1, which could be used as molecular markers for phylogenetic analysis. The molecular phylogenetic tree showed that all Lycoris species clustered closely and formed a monophyly, which supported the independent taxonomic status of the genus. Two traditional subgenera, Symmanthus and Lycoris, didn’t form monophyly separately, although distinguished in stamen and corolla. And it was still doubtable on the intrageneric circumscription based on the relative position of stamens and perianth. In addition, the phylogenetic analysis supported the perspective of the hybrid origin of L. anhuiensis, L. houdyshelii, L. straminea and L. rosea, with potential maternal species recommended. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Differences in Growth and Metabolics between Hydroponic and Peat Soil Cultivation Anoectochilus roxburghii ZHAO Qi, WANG Chi, ZHAO Feng Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (1): 22-30.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.01.003 Abstract （115）      PDF（pc） （419KB）（1555）       Knowledge map    Save The aim of the study was to systematically compare the differences in growth indexes and quality components between hydroponics and soil cultivation for 30 days and 90 days, and to investigate the main differential metabolic pathways of Anoectochilus roxburghii. The results showed that comparing with soil cultivation, the root length of hydroponics increased significantly on 30th day, and the root length and leaf area increased significantly on 90th day, but the stem thickness decreased. The net photosynthetic rate increased significantly on 30th day of hydroponics, and the chlorophyll content increased significantly on 90th day of hydroponics. In terms of components, total flavonoids and kinsenoside increased significantly on 30th day of hydroponics, and aspartic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, and hydroxyproline decreased significantly; aspartic acid, asparagine, γ-aminobutyric acid, and methionine decreased significantly on 90th day of hydroponics. On metabolic pathways, lipid, flavonoid and flavonol biosynthesis, diterpene and secondary metabolic biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated on 30th day, and lipid and secondary metabolic pathways were significantly up-regulated, while diterpene biosynthesis underwent a down-regulation on 90th day in the hydroponically grown group compared to the soil-grown group on 30th day and 90th day. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Extracting Tea Plantations in Xiamen Based on Sentinel-2 Data LI Yan, ZHANG Fan Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (4): 327-335.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.04.007 Abstract （78）      PDF（pc） （7578KB）（1550）       Knowledge map    Save The reasonable development of tea plantations is of great significance for the local economy and ecological environment protection. Obtaining accurate spatial distribution of tea plantations is an important factor in tea plantations management and land use. This paper takes Lianhua Town, Tong'an District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province as the research area, and takes Sentinel-2 remote sensing image as the data source to analyze the difference of spectral characteristics of multi-temporal Sentinel-2 spectrum in different ground objects. The vegetation indices with sensitive spectrum and texture features were used as the extraction characteristics of tea plantations. The distribution range of tea plantations in the research area was extracted using the random forest classification method. The results showed that the random forest method combined with Sentinel-2 spectral and texture information can achieve good results in many periods. Among them, the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient in October were the highest, reaching 95.53% and 0.9088, respectively; the classification accuracy in April and December was relatively close, with overall accuracies of 94.28% and 94.41%, and Kappa coefficients of 0.8889 and 0.8881, respectively; the classification accuracy in July was the lowest, with an overall accuracy of 91.05% and a Kappa coefficient of 0.8254. The classification results meet the research needs. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Regulation of Leaf Functional Traits and Plasticity on the Growth of Hedyotis caudatifolia in Different Habitats WEI Lan-ying, ZENG Chun-yang, YANG Xiao-lan, HUANG Dao-jing Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (2): 100-112.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.02.002 Abstract （136）      PDF（pc） （3264KB）（1539）       Knowledge map    Save Most previous researches of plant adaptability to environmental changes were conducted using functional traits at species level. However, one species might displayed distinct ecological strategies in different habitats. Therefore, it’s important to analyze the intraspecific variation of leaf functional traits and their plasticity for understanding the environmental adaption mechanisms and survival status of plant individuals. The present study determined the plant height, biomass and leaf functional traits such as morphological, stomatal, anatomical and chemical characters of medicinal plant Hedyotis caudatifolia from four habitats (grassland, shrub-grassland, forest edge and understory) in Mt. Dayao of Guangxi. Results showed that functional traits varied apparently among different habitats. Among all leaf functional traits, potential conductance index (PCI) exhibited the highest coefficient of variation (CV), while CV of leaf carbon content, looseness of leaf spongy tissue, spongy mesophyll thickness and leaf thickness were lower. Plasticity index (PI) ranked inconsistently with CV for some traits, i.e. potential conductance index displayed the highest PI, followed by mass-based chlorophyll content, leaf area, specific leaf area and ratio of leaf palisade to spongy mesophyll thickness, etc. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the variations of leaf functional traits were closely correlated with light utilization, water conductivity and nutrient strategies, dominated by light adaptation. Analysis of Variable Importance in Projection (VIP) revealed that anatomical structure contributed to the most variances of plant height and biomass, followed by stomatal characters; chemical traits accounted for the least in the contribution rates. The changes of leaf functional traits and their syndromes of H. caudatifolia facilitated itself in utilizing natural environmental resources such as light and water. Thus, it was capable of coping with disadvantages in different habitats, and finally promoted the plant growth and biomass accumulation, which enabled its individuals to compete with other plants in the community for the further survival and reproduction. The study will provide references for the assessment of survival status and safety risk of H. caudatifolia under degraded habitats. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Identification and Expression Analysis of PYL Gene Family in Eriobotrya japonica LIN Qiu-xiang, HAN Yu-xin Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (1): 1-11.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.01.001 Abstract （84）      PDF（pc） （452KB）（1351）       Knowledge map    Save Abscisic acid (ABA) is one of the important hormones regulating plant growth and development, and abiotic stress. As an ABA receptor, PYL is located at the top of its signaling pathway and plays a core regulatory role. However, this gene family has not been identified and analyzed in detail in loquat. In this study, 12 PYL genes were identified in loquat based on bioinformatics analysis. The molecular weight of the coding PYL protein ranged from 10.47 to 29.12 kDa, and most of them were localized in the cytoplasm. PYL family genes were distributed on 8 chromosomes. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that PYL gene family could be divided into three subfamilies and EjPYL1 was closely related to AtPYL13. PYL proteins in loquat were consisted of motif 1-6, and motif3 was the common domain. Genes of PYL family were collinearity in species loquat. There were 2 pairs of collinearity between loquat and Arabidopsis thaliana. Cis-components in promoter of PYL genes were related to low temperature, drought, light and hormone response. RNA-seq of loquat young fruits indicated that EjPYL6 and EjPYL8 were both up-regulated by low temperature in fruit pulp and seeds. This study can provide theoretical basis for further understanding ABA signal transduction pathway and breeding new varieties of loquat with frost resistance. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Community Types and Species Diversity of Picrasma quassioides Communities in Guangxi LI Jin-hua, PAN Xiu-lian, LIU Qin, WEI Qiu-lan, ZHU Chang-san, CHEN Rong, HUANG Hua-xi Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (2): 135-142.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.007 Abstract （128）      PDF（pc） （560KB）（1253）       Knowledge map    Save A sample plot survey was used to investigate the communities of Picrasma quassioides, and the habitat characteristics, species composition, floristic composition and species diversity were analyzed. The results showed that 255 species in 207 genera and 85 families of vascular plants were found in 10 plots, and there are abundant species in the P. quassioides community. The main dominant families were Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Gramineae, Moraceae, etc. The floristic types of seed plants in the community were divided into 14 types, with pantropic and tropical Asian elements as the main components, with tropical elements accounting for 72.73% of the total genera, and the community had obvious tropical properties. The community was divided into four types. P. quassioides grew vigorously in community Ⅱ and community Ⅳ, and was the dominant species in the tree layer. Community Ⅱ and community Ⅳ were the ideal habitat. The Margalef index, Shannon Wiener index and Pielou index showed that the shrub layer was larger than the tree layer. The three diversity indexes of tree and shrub layer in community Ⅱ were the highest, while Margalef species richness index of tree layer in community Ⅳ was the higher, while Shannon-Wiener diversity index was the lowest. The root budbreak ability of P. quassioides is stubborn, and the closure measures have positive significance for the restoration of P. quassioides population. The results can provide basic information for the protection and cultivation of P. quassioides resources. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of Exogenous Strigolactone on Axillary Bud Elongation and Expression of Genes Related to the Strigolactone Metabolic Pathway in Tobacco TIAN Hui-yuan, TANG Bo-xi, WANG Yuan-xiu, LIU Fan, GUO Kai-yang, LIU Guo-qin Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (5): 369-380.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.05.001 Abstract （125）      PDF（pc） （6086KB）（1208）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of strigolactone (SL) on the elongation of tobacco axillary buds and the expression of genes related to its metabolic pathway were carried out, to explore the relationship between SL and the growth of tobacco axillary buds and the expression changes of SL-related genes during the elongation of tobacco axillary buds, which could establish a theoretical basis for the molecular regulation mechanism of SL in regulating the growth of tobacco axillary buds. This study investigated the developmental changes of tobacco axillary meristematic tissues after decapitation, and observed the various genes associated with SL metabolic pathway of tobacco axillary buds by treatment with GR24, an artificial synthetic analogue of SLs, using paraffin sectioning and transcriptome technique. The results showed that the axillary meristem of tobacco was composed of three cell regions: central blast region (CM), peripheral meristem (PM) and costal meristem (RM), among which the CM was located at the top of the axillary meristem, which could form PM and RM through the division of basal and lateral cells, the PM was located on both sides of the axillary meristem, and the RM was located below the CM region and the inner side of the PM region. The cell volume and arrangement of the three cell regions were different, indicating that there were differences in cell division in each part of the meristem. After axillary meristem development to form axillary buds, it was found that GR24 could inhibit the elongation of axillary buds at 1–3 nodes by exogenous application of different plant growth regulators, while BR could promote the elongation of axillary buds. Transcriptome analysis revealed that SL could affect the expression of genes related to its own metabolic pathway, SL induced the expression of D27, D14, DAD2 and SMAX1-LIKE4 compared to CK and TIS-108 [a triazole-type strigolactone(SL)-biosynthesis inhibitor] treatment, whereas, D27, D14 and DAD2 were down-regulated by TIS-108 treatment, the expression of SMAX1 was inhibited by SL, while TIS-108 treatment induced the expression of SMAX1. The axillary buds of tobacco are developed from three hyphal regions of the axillary meristem, while different plant growth regulators have different effects on the axillary buds of tobacco. BR can promote the elongation of the axillary buds of tobacco, while SL can inhibit the elongation of the axillary buds, and the genes related to the metabolic pathway may play an important regulatory role in the elongation of the axillary buds of tobacco. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Studies on Diversity of Lycophytes and Ferns in the Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province ZHANG Ying-ming, WANG Ting, DENG Shuang-wen, CUI Yu-wen, TAN Hai-rong, CHEN Hong-feng Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (3): 243-256.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.03.008 Abstract （129）      PDF（pc） （5121KB）（1170）       Knowledge map    Save In order to comprehensively document the plant diversity within the Chebaling National Nature Reserve in Guangdong and to provide data support for the long-term monitoring, conservation management, and public education regarding biodiversity within the reserve, we conducted field surveys and specimen collection of ferns and lycophytes using transect methods from June to August 2023. A statistical analysis of the species composition, floristic characteristics, and resource status of ferns and lycophytes within the reserve was carried out by integrating literature data. The results indicated: (1) A total of 231 species (including infraspecific taxa) of ferns and lycophytes belonging to 75 genera and 25 families distributed in the nature reserve, among them 64 species from 11 families and 28 genera were new records in the area. (2) There were six monotypic families and 38 monotypic genera, accounting for 24.00% and 50.67% of the total families and genera, respectively, which reflected the ancient and primitive nature of the ferns and lycophytes flora in the area. (3) Ferns and lycophytes composition in this area are derived from multiple origins. The tropical component ranked at the family (60.00%) and genus (68.00%) levels, while at the species level, the subtropical component (54.98%) held prevalence, followed by the tropical component (29.87%). It aligns with the characteristics of subtropical flora, demonstrating a certain degree of features associated with tropical flora. (4) Compared with adjacent nature areas, Chebaling Nature Reserve shows the closest relationship with Qingyunshan Provincial Nature Reserve in Guangdong province. The similarity indices of species, genera, and families (Jaccard/Krober coefficients) stand at 92.00/96.00, 73.42/85.33, and 42.42/62.86, respectively. This suggests a probable connection to their geographical proximity and similar climatic features. (5) Within the nature area, ferns and lycophytes resources are abundant, including six edible species, 145 medicinal species, 141 ornamental species, and 32 species with industrial value. These resources provide rich opportunities for the future rational development and effective utilization of plants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Landscape Evaluation of Plant Community of Bougainvillea Based on SBE Method YANG Rong, LEI Jiang-li, CAO Hua, XU Shan-shan, LU Ting Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (6): 525-533.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.06.009 Abstract （60）      PDF（pc） （300KB）（1104）       Knowledge map    Save To understand the main factors of landscape composition and public preference of the plant community landscape of Bougainvillea, the Bougainvillea community landscape in green space of Shenzhen were used as the research object. Twenty-five landscape samples selected randomly were evaluated by scenic beauty estimation method (SBE). The results showed that the beauty degree values of 25 community landscape samples ranged from –0.776 to 0.700. According to the correlation analysis, the factors greatly affecting the landscape beauty value of Bougainvillea were overall community harmony (X4), diversity of viewing characteristics (X5), and application characteristics of Bougainvillea (X9). The beauty degree evaluation model established by multiple linear regression, was SBE=0.425X4+0.247X5+0.503X9, which could evaluate the beauty degree of the Bougainvillea landscape more accurately. The results would provide theoretical guidance for the construction and improvement of Bougainvillea plant landscape. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Physiological Response of Ludisia discolor Seedlings to Drought Stress and Screening of Drought Resistance Indicators XU Li-li, MENG Xin-ya, YOU Yan-ping, SONG Xi-qiang, CHEN Yao-li, ZHONG Yun-fang Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (1): 12-21.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.01.002 Abstract （79）      PDF（pc） （500KB）（1098）       Knowledge map    Save In order to investigate the tolerance of Ludisia discolor to drought stress, the experiments potted water control to simulate drought were used to study the changes of growth, physiological and biochemical indicators, and bioactive components in L. discolor seedlings with around 6 months of age under different water treatments. The main response factors to drought resistance were evaluated through correlation analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PA), which would provide some references for the water management under conservation and cultivation of L. discolor. The results showed that with the increase of drought severity, the height of L. discolor seedlings showed a downward trend compared to the control group, but there was no significant effect on stem thickness. The relative water content of leaves decreased, and the content of chloroplast pigment (Chl) first increased and then decreased, while the content of anthocyanin (ACN) showed an upward trend. Under drought stress, the activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar (SS), and the bioactive substances such as total flavonoids (TF), total phenols (TP), and polysaccharides (PS) all increased. Through correlation analysis and principal component analysis, it was found that MDA, SS, PS, and relative water content could be used as the preferred evaluation indicators, and in addition, stem thickness and SOD activity could be used as auxiliary indicators for drought resistance evaluation in L. discolor. In summary, the results indicated that moderate drought stress (soil moisture content 50%–55%) could promote the synthesis and accumulation of osmotic regulating substances and bioactive components of L. discolor, At the same time, to improve the quality of L. discolor, it was recommended to carry out short-term severe drought (soil moisture content 15%–20%) before harvest so that the biological activities of L. discolor could be enhanced. These findings had practical guiding significance for cultivation management. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Species Diversity and Flora Analysis of Vascular Plants in Baichong Provincial Nature Reserve of Guangdong Province WU Shi-yuan, CHEN Sheng-lai, LUO Sen-yuan, WANG Shuai Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (2): 149-156.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.009 Abstract （105）      PDF（pc） （5085KB）（1054）       Knowledge map    Save The diversity of vascular plants in Baichong Provincial Nature Reserve in Yangchun City of Guangdong Province was investigated by step up surveys, sampling route inventory and quadrat methods surveys, and the plant community composition as well as floristic characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that there were 1320 species of vascular plants, belonging to 652 genera in 172 families. The number of species was more abundant than that of similar provincial reserves. The composition of plant families was dominated by medium and oligo species families, accounting for 61.63% in total. The composition of genera was dominated by the distribution of oligo-species (2 to 5 species) and single species genera, accounting for 91.48% in total wild vascular plants. The flora of vascular plants in this reserve was complex, with a predominantly tropical composition (80.83%), including 13 area-types and 14 variety-types, among which the pantropical distribution pattern had the greatest varieties of genus. And temperate composition accounting for 17.79% (removed cosmopolitan type). Baichong Nature Reserve has abundant heat, rich vascular plant species, and typical characteristics of south subtropical flora. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Textual Research on the Basic Source of Chenpi and a Brief Introduction to the Planting History of Medicinal Material WANG Ya-rong, FAN Qiang, WU Hong, WANG Jian-song, LIAO Wen-bo Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (5): 453-464.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.05.011 Abstract （97）      PDF（pc） （6170KB）（835）       Knowledge map    Save Chenpi is a famous traditional Chinese medicine. Its medicinal materials are dried and mature pericarps of the Rutaceae plant Citrus reticulata Blanco and its cultivated varieties. In this paper, the source of dried tangerine peel was studied by consulting ancient herbal books and combining with the relevant research in modern times, including the source plants, origin and planting history, the analysis of effective components and efficacy, and the study of genetic relationship at the molecular level. "Guangchenpi" produced in Guangdong Province, is the best-dried tangerine peel, and "Xinhui Chenpi (C. reticulata cv. Chachiensis)" produced in Xinhui District of Guangdong Province, is the traditional authentic medicinal material in China, which is a national geographical indication product with excellent quality. The old use of orange peel began in the Liang Dynasty, flourished in Ming and Qing dynasties, and spread to modern times. The Ming Dynasty put forward that "the Chenpi produced in Guangzhong is the best" and emphasized the authenticity of Guangchenpi. There are many kinds of dried tangerine peel, and there are great differences in the content of total flavonoids. Besides hesperidin, polymethoxy brass compounds and volatile oils peculiar to Rutaceae plants can distinguish different sources of dried tangerine peel well, so it is suggested to add the next edition of China Pharmacopoeia as one of the quality control indicators. C. reticulata cv. Kinokuni, C. reticulata cv. Nian Ju, C. reticulata cv. Ponkan etc. have little difference with C. reticulata cv. Chachiensis in the content of flavonoids and polysaccharides, which can be used as effective planting resources for the dried tangerine peel. China's abundant wild citrus resources have strong resistance and adaptability to habitats, which is an important basis for breeding new varieties. Therefore, targeted protection, development, and utilization research should be strengthened. The textual research results of this paper can provide a basis for the further development and utilization of Guangchenpi and tangerine peel. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Species Composition and Floristic Characteristics of Eucalyptus spp. Plantations in Guangxi, South China HUO Chun-lin, ZHANG Zhong-hua, HU Cong, XU Chao-hao, HU Gang Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (5): 424-432.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.05.008 Abstract （125）      PDF（pc） （766KB）（819）       Knowledge map    Save Through integrating field surveys and literature data, this study analyzed the species composition and floristic characteristics of vascular plants in Eucalyptus plantation in Guangxi. The results showed that there were 584 species from 369 genera and 120 families of vascular plants in the Eucalyptus plantation of Guangxi. Among them, ferns consisted of 49 species from 28 genera and 15 families, gymnosperms included 6 species from 4 genera and 4 families, and angiosperms comprised 529 species from 337 genera and 101 families. These values account for 38.83%, 18.35%, and 6.37% of the total number of vascular plant families, genera, and species in Guangxi, respectively, indicating relatively low plant diversity in Eucalyptus plantation. Shrubs (201 species) dominated the vegetation, while lianas (91 species) were the least represented. At the family and genus level, this flora was dominated by plurimotypic families, mesotypic family, oligotypic genera and monotypic genera. The vascular plant genera and species tended to be concentrated in plurimotypic families, oligotypic genera and monotypic genera, indicating that the flora had a certain differentiation potential and the composition of families and genera was relatively scattered. The abundant primitive taxa of dominant families, genera, and species indicate that the floristic components had a certain degree of antiquity. There were a total of 14 distribution types and 15 subtypes in the genus distribution area. The ratio of tropical to temperate genera (R/T value) was 5.37, with tropical components being the main component, with pan tropical components being the most dominant. Only 2 genera and 2 species were endemic to China in the flora. Overall, the flora of Eucalyptus plantation in Guangxi exhibited complex composition, apparent tropical characteristics, ancient origins, but lacked unique elements, and had relatively low differentiation. These research findings could be utilized to guide the analysis of plant diversity and floristic characteristics in Eucalyptus plantation in Guangxi. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of Different Concentrations of Melatonin Treatment on the Hardness and Pectin of Postharvest……… Blueberry Fruits SUN Meng-meng, TAO Le-ren Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (6): 475-480.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.06.002 Abstract （89）      PDF（pc） （698KB）（790）       Knowledge map    Save In response to the issues of difficult storage and decreased hardness of blueberries after picking, this experiment used blueberries as materials and treated them with different concentrations of melatonin (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg·L–1). The hardness, pectin content, pectin methylesterase (PME) activity, polygalacturonase (PG) activity, pectin lyase (PL) activity, β-galactosidase (β-GAL) activity, degree of pectin methylation, β-eliminating reaction degree, H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured to explore the mechanism of melatonin's effect on blueberry fruit preservation. The results showed that different concentrations of melatonin treatment could delay the decrease of blueberry hardness, but the effect was not significant when the treatment concentration was low (50 mg·L–1). The 150 mg·L–1 melatonin treatment had the best preservation effect on blueberry fruit, maintaining pectin content and inhibiting PG, PL, PME, and β-GAL activity of cell wall degrading enzymes, reducing the demethylation of pectin. These results indicated that melatonin could delay the degradation of cell wall polysaccharides by inhibiting enzyme activity, which was feasible for post harvest preservation of blueberry fruits. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Technical Specification for Planting Guangchenpi (Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis) WANG Ya-rong, FAN Qiang, WU Hong, WANG Jian-song, LIAO Wen-bo Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (6): 540-546.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.06.011 Abstract （63）      PDF（pc） （461KB）（739）       Knowledge map    Save Citrus reticulata cv. Chachiensis is an important genuine medicinal material in China, mainly produced in Xinhui District, Guangdong Province. Standardized cultivation will provide technical support for the sustainable development of this medicinal material. According to the technical measures of planting C. reticulata cv. Chachiensis in different ecological areas in Xinhui District from 2006 to 2023, combined with the field investigation of Guangdong Southern Medicine (Guangchenpi) industrial technology system innovation team from 2019 to 2023, this paper summarized the planting varieties, production environment, seedling production, field planting, pest control, fruit picking, and other aspects, and formulated this standardized planting technical standard. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Characteristics of Population Structure and Growth Status of Syzygium tephrodes in Jianfengling Tropical Rainforest, Hainan, China XIA Lian, XU Han, LI Yan-peng, QIN Wen-hao Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (1): 46-52.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.01.006 Abstract （69）      PDF（pc） （615KB）（720）       Knowledge map    Save In this study, we took Syzygium tephrodes as the object in a 60 hm2 large sample plot in Jianfengling, Hainan, and investigated the structural characteristics and growth dynamics of its population, as well as the intensity of inter-plant competition and its distribution pattern. The results showed that: (1) S. tephrodes populations have strong natural renewal ability, abundant seedlings, and the mortality rate of the populations increased or decreased with the increase of the diameter level and then decreased rapidly at the Ⅳ stage, and the fluctuation amplitude was the most obvious at the Ⅳ–Ⅴ diameter level, and the mortality rate declined rapidly after the Ⅳ level and tended to be stabilized. (2) The survival curves of S. tephrodes were of Deevey-Ⅲ type, the mortality rate was high in the early stage, and low once it reached a certain age. (3) The results of the time series prediction showed that the number of individuals in each age class increased to different degrees after the next 2, 4 and 6 age classes. In conclusion, the mortality rate of young individuals in S. tephrodes population was high, but there was still a certain potential for renewal. This study provided theoretical support for the landscaping application and protection strategy formulation of S. tephrodes. It was recommended to further strengthen habitat protection and take appropriate intervention measures to promote stable population development within the community. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Progresses in the Quality Changes and the Storage Technologies of Postharvest Citrus Fruit WU Han-lu, ZENG Ling-zhen, LIN Yu-zhao, LIN He-tong Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (1): 78-84.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.01.012 Abstract （90）      PDF（pc） （354KB）（695）       Knowledge map    Save Citrus is an important tropical and subtropical fruit in southern China. Citrus fruit has higher nutritive value which can bring health benefits to humans. However, the harvested citrus fruit is prone to decay, dehydration, nutrients loss and disease occurrence, which lead to the quality deterioration, and thus reduce its commercial value. In order to provide the scientific basis and guide the production for improving the storability, maintaining the quality, and prolonging the storage life of citrus fruit during postharvest storage, the research progresses in the changes of fruit appearance color, fruit moisture, contents of pulp sugar, acid and vitamin C, the occurrences of fruit diseases including blue mold, brown spot, granulation and oleocellosis in the harvested citrus fruit, and the storage technologies such as low temperature storage, heat treatment, short-wave ultraviolet (UV-C) irradiation, chemical preservatives, and biological control for postharvest citrus fruit were reviewed in this paper. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Differences in Microbial Communities among Ganpu Tea from Different Years HONG Pei-yu, WANG Ya-yu, WU Hong Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (3): 191-200.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.03.001 Abstract （127）      PDF（pc） （5289KB）（666）       Knowledge map    Save Ganpu tea is made by removing the flesh of fresh Citrus reticulata 'Chachiensis' and filling them with Yunnan Pu-erh tea. It has both the aroma of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae 'Chachiensis' and the fragrance of Pu-erh tea. In this study, Ganpu teas were separated into tea leaves and peels with different aging times for microbiome analysis. It was found that the microbial composition of the peels and tea leaves of Ganpu tea was more similar in the early aging stage, while the differences became more pronounced in the later aging stage. In tea leaves of Ganpu tea aged at different times, the dominant bacterial genera included Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Blastobotrys. In the peel of Ganpu tea aged at different times, the dominant bacteria aged for 0 to 1 year include Staphylococcus, while the dominant bacteria aged for the other three times are Acinetobacter. In the fungal community, the dominant fungal genera in aged 0, 1, and 5 year old peels, as well as five different aged Ganpu tea leaves, are all Blastobotrys. The dominant fungal genus in aged 7 and 9 year old Ganpu tea peels is Xeromyces. Among the tea leaves or peels of Ganpu tea at different aging times, the majority of samples (over 75% of the abundance) shared the same Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs). Correlation analysis based on these shared ASVs revealed a significant positive correlation between Aspergillus and other microorganisms in the network, although its abundance was not particularly high in Ganpu tea at different aging times. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Characterization of Leaf Functional Traits of Wikstroemia indica and Its Responses to Soil Factors ZHANG Qun, CHEN Ying, CAO Sheng-xuan, DENG Chuan-yuan Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (1): 60-66.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.01.009 Abstract （84）      PDF（pc） （411KB）（662）       Knowledge map    Save In order to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of leaf functional traits of Wikstroemia indica, based on the island vegetation investigation, the leaves of W. indica were sampled and their functional trait indexes were determined. The difference and relationship between leaf functional traits were explored by coefficient of variation method and Pearson correlation analysis, and the response of leaf functional traits of W. indica to soil factors was explored by redundancy analysis. The results showed that the variation coefficient of leaf functional traits of W. indica was from 9.76% to 23.73%, among which the variation degree of leaf volume was the largest (23.73%) and the variation degree of leaf dry matter content was the smallest (9.76%). On the whole, the leaf functional traits of W. indica remained relatively stable. The leaf function traits of W. indica were closely related to each other. The leaf functional characteristics of W. indica were mainly affected by organic matter, total nitrogen and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in the soil. The organic matter, total nitrogen and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen in the soil were in direct proportion to the specific leaf area and in inverse proportion to the leaf thickness and leaf volume. The leaves of W. indica can adapt to the changes of external environment through certain character variation and combination to better adapt to the harsh environment of the island. The research results can provide reference for the protection and utilization of wild germplasm resources of W. indica and artificial cultivation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Adaptability Analysis of Third Generation Full-sib Chinese Fir Families Based on BLUP Breeding Value and WANG Run-hui, HU De-huo, WEI Ru-ping, YAN Shu, WU Guan-di, HUANG Rong, ZHENG Hui-quan Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (1): 43-49.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.01.007 Abstract （74）      PDF（pc） （1581KB）（645）       Knowledge map    Save Cunninghamia lanceolata is an important commercial timber and carbon sequestration tree species in south China. Based on the diameter at breast height (DBH) of 33 third-generation full-sib families of C. lanceolata from Guangdong at multiple tested sites and the multi-site ANOVAs approach, we identified a significant difference (P<0.01) of the genetic adaption in families. While, the site and block effects and the site×family interaction effect seemed to be profound. Regarding this, best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) based on individual model was carried out to calculate the individual breeding value of the families in each experimental site. The obtained result highlighted the preliminarily separation of the families according to their adaptability and the superior families with higher individual breeding value and adaptability (e.g. families 1, 4, 13 and 31). Further genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis directly gave ‘who won where’ functional diagram, high yield and stable families graph and ideal families selection result that highly agreed with that of BLUP’s, indicating a consistency of these two methods and their forecasting power. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Botanical Research on Rubus Species in An Illustrated Book on Plants WANG Tao, XIAO Ding-yong, HOU Xue-liang Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (4): 351-360.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.04.011 Abstract （75）      PDF（pc） （7894KB）（634）       Knowledge map    Save After a detailed study on taxonomic traits of Rubus species described in An Illustrated Book on Plants, combined with study on specimens from producing area and field investigations, new botanical research opinions on five plants, including "Maitiaocao", "Mianlaici", "Yinyanglian", "Penglei" and "Fupenzi", have been provided. "Maitiaocao" should be Rubus sumatranus Miquel, "Mianlaici" should be R. columellaris Tutcher, "Yinyanglian" should be R. pacificus Hance, "Penglei" should be R. tephrodes Hance, while "Fupenzi" should be R. coreanus Miquel. We agree with the results of previous research on "Hongmeixiao", "Popan" and "Xuangouzi". In addition, "Baimaan" and "Baixianpi" are not Rubus species. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Field Investigation and Analysis of a Rare Abnormal Fruit Occurrence in ‘Guiwei’ Lychee LIU Hong-feng, HUANG Chuan, CHEN Chun-fan, CHEN Feng-xiang, LU Mei-ying, CHEN Yan-yan, DING Feng, LU Rong-qing, LI Ye-qing, LI Fang-wen, PENG Hong-xiang Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (2): 93-100.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.002 Abstract （189）      PDF（pc） （651KB）（611）       Knowledge map    Save In response to the rare “brush tip” shaped abnormal fruit problem that occurred in a large number of ‘Guiwei’ lychee (Litchi chinensis) orchards in the Qinzhou production area of Guangxi in the spring of 2022, in April (flower withering), four ‘Guiwei’ lychee orchards in Lingshan County were selected for investigation analysis and one control orchard no abnormal fruit. The aim is to further analyze and explore the process and reasons for the formation of this abnormal fruit, and provide reference for the safe use of exogenous hormones for promoting flowering and fruit preservation in lychee. The survey results indicated that the formation of abnormal fruit in lychee began from the elongation of the stigma during the differentiation of female flowers, and then evolved into a completely fleshless and empty shell shaped “brush tip” abnormal fruit. This “brush tip” shaped abnormal fruit was not easy to fall off and completely lost its commercial value; The rate of deformed fruit plants in the four orchards was 94.0%–100.0%, the rate of deformed fruit ears per plant was 20.0%–24.0%, and the rate of deformed fruit grains per ear was 60.9%–65.1%. There was no significant difference in the three indicators among the four lychee orchards. All four orchards used “Baoying” products containing phenylpeptidylamine acid during the shoot control, flower promotion, and fruit preservation period. Other control orchards that did not use phenylpeptidylamine acid to promote flower and fruit preservation did not have any abnormal fruit occurrence; It is preliminarily believed that ‘Guiwei’ lychee is sensitive to phenylpeptidylamine acid during flowering and fruiting under the climatic conditions of that year, which can cause abnormal elongation of the female flower stigma and affect pollination, fertilization, and fruit development, ultimately forming empty shell deformed fruits without edible value. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effect of Phosphorus Reduction on Growth, Yield and Quality of Astragalus membranaceus LI Cong, MAO Yao-jie, JIN Xiao-jun Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (2): 128-136.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.02.005 Abstract （94）      PDF（pc） （712KB）（587）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of phosphorus reduction on the growth, physiology, yield and quality of Astragalus mongolicus were studied to provide scientific basis for its fertilization and cultivation. The growth, physiology, yield and quality indexes were measured by setting 4 phosphorus application levels. Results showed that phosphorus reduction by 25% treatment (P2) had a significant effect of on growth, yield and quality of A. membranaceus. The seedling emergence rate, leaf area, root length, root diameter, fresh biomass, dry biomass, carotenoids, SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, economic benefit and glucosinolate of acacia catechu exhibited significantly increased by 6.76%, 3.32%, 6.76%, 18.01%, 2.13%, 3.80%, 26.00%, 7.12%, 12.04%, 3.90%, 10.72% and 13.47% respectively, compared to the full phosphorus application treatment. There were no significant differences in stem diameter, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, fresh yield, dry yield, drying rate, first grade rate, total ash, extract, polysaccharide and astragaloside, compared with total phosphorus application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Process Optimization of Shugan Wei'an Granules Based on Box-Behnken Response Surface Method KE Yuan-yuan, GAO Yong-yue, LUO Yu-ling, ZHOU Xun-rong Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (4): 310-317.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.04.005 Abstract （78）      PDF（pc） （890KB）（581）       Knowledge map    Save The preparation process of Shugan Wei?'an granules was explored in this paper. Using naringin content and total solid yield as indicators, the optimal extraction process for Shugan Wei'an granules was optimized through orthogonal experiments, including the optimal decoction time, decoction frequency, and water addition ratio. And the Box-Behnken response surface method was used to optimize the optimal levels of the drug-excipient ratio, excipient material ratio and colloidal silica ratio for particle forming process, and using the comprehensive weighting method to calculate the overall evaluation score. The optimum extraction process of Shugan?Wei?'an granules was as follows: decocting 3 times, adding 7.5 times water for the first time, adding 6 times water for the second and third times, decocting 45 min each time, filtering and concentrating. The optimum molding process was as follows: the ratio of excipients to extract was 1:1, the ratio of soluble starch to dextrin was 1:1, and the ratio of colloidal silica was 8%. The average value of the three batches of total evaluation was 0.737, the theoretical prediction value was 0.766, and the relative deviation between the verification value and the prediction value was 1.93% (less than 5.0%).? This experiment optimized the preparation process of Shugan Wei'an granules, which can provide important theoretical support for the large-scale production of Shugan Wei'an granules. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Photosynthetic Characteristics and Photosynthetic Carbon Sequestration and Oxygen Release Capacity of 11 Mangrove Species ZHANG Liu, ZHAN Qiao-si, GUO Wei, LAI Can, YANG Qiong, ZHANG Hui Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (6): 465-474.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.06.001 Abstract （116）      PDF（pc） （880KB）（577）       Knowledge map    Save Mangrove forest is an important part of the global carbon cycle, and the study of the photosynthetic characteristics of different mangrove plants and the difference in carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacity is an important basis for the cumulative assessment and protection and restoration of carbon pool of mangrove biomass. The daily dynamics of photosynthesis rate of mangrove trees and leaf area index were determined by using Li-6800 Portable Photosynthesizer and TOP-1300 Canopy Analyzer, to analyze the daily capacity of carbon sequestration and oxygen release of the target species. Carbon sequestration per unit land area was used as a measure of the CO2 absorption capacity of mangrove plants for cluster analysis to further analyze the main factors affecting the oxygen sequestration capacity of plants. The results showed that: (1) The net photosynthetic rate of six species was unimodal curve, including Cerbera manghas, Kandelia obovata, Heritiera littoralis, Acanthus ilicifolius, Hibiscus hamabo and Volkameria inermis, and the remaining five species showed a bimodal curve due to photosynthetic lunch break, among which Cerbera manghas was the lowest and Volkameria inermis was the highest. (2) In terms of carbon sequestration and oxygen release capacity per unit land area, 3 species of shrubs (Acanthus ilicifolius, Hibiscus hamabo, Volkameria inermis ) and 4 species of trees (Aegiceras corniculatum, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera littoralis, Sonneratia apetala ) performed better. (3) The results of the clustering of daily carbon sequestration per unit land area of 11 mangrove species were divided into three categories, the first category included Hibiscus hamabo and Volkameria inermis with the highest daily carbon sequestration, the second category was Aegiceras corniculatum, Excoecaria agallocha, Heritiera littoralis, Acanthus ilicifolius and Sonneratia apetala with medium daily carbon sequestration, and the third category was Cerbera manghas, Thespesia populnea, Bruguiera gymnorhiza and Kandelia obovata with the lowest daily carbon sequestration. (4) The main influencing factors of daily carbon sequestration and oxygen release per unit land leaf area were transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Diversity and Geographical Pattern Analysis of Wild Lamiaceae Species in China CHANG Meng-lin, CHEN Xin-yan, CHEN Shi-pin, MA Liang Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (3): 234-242.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.03.007 Abstract （134）      PDF（pc） （1475KB）（577）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the taxonomic database and a large amount of literature, this study takes administrative counties as the basic unit to sort out the wild Lamiaceae distributed in Chinese Mainland. The species diversity, genus flora, and distribution were analyzed, resulting in the establishment of a geographical distribution dataset for wild Lamiaceae in China. As of January 2024, 100 genera and 1,387 species (including subspecies and varieties) were recorded. Among these, only Scutellaria, a genus with more than 150 species. The genera with species numbers between 101 and 150 include Salvia with 137 species and Isodon with 106 species. Thirty-six genera contain between 6 and 50 species, totaling 733 species, representing the main component of wild Lamiaceae in China. Fifty-nine genera have 5 or fewer species, totaling 119 species, accounting for 8.58% of the total number of wild Lamiaceae species in China. Thirty-three genera are represented by only one species in China, indicating a high genus diversity but low species richness within genera. The primary genera are Scutellaria, Salvia, and Isodon, with a total of 394 species, accounting for 28.62% of the total species. Wild Lamiaceae are distributed across all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in China, primarily in the eastern Himalayas, the mountains of western Hubei and eastern Chongqing, southeastern Tibet-northwestern Yunnan, and the mountains of eastern Yunnan-western Guangxi. The highest species richness is found in Yunnan Province (658 species) and Sichuan Province (532 species). The flora of the genus was diverse. According to Wu Zhengyi's classification of the distribution areas of Chinese seed plant genera, the 100 genera of wild Lamiaceae in China belong to 15 typical types and 12 variant types. Tropical and temperate floristic elements dominate. Genera related to tropical flora account for 39 genera and 548 species, showing a significant predominance. Temperate elements follow, with six genera exhibiting a Mediterranean distribution and two genera exhibiting disjunct distributions between East Asia and North America. Wild Lamiaceae in China are functionally diverse, mainly categorized into medicinal plants, aromatic plants, nectar plants, wild vegetables, ornamental plants, and oil plants. Although some Lamiaceae groups have been explored for their value, many groups remain under-researched, warranting further mechanism research and utilization. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Does Phylogenetic Relatedness Affect the Neighborhood Effects among Neighbors in Plant Communities? WANG Li-ping, CHEN Feng-xian, FENG Zhe, YU Xiao-li, SUN Ji-wen, WU Jun-jie Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (3): 242-252.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.03.009 Abstract （123）      PDF（pc） （1337KB）（546）       Knowledge map    Save Phylogenetic relationships among neighbors are significant predictors of density dependence in plant communities. However, there is no consistent conclusion about the effect of phylogenetic density dependence . We conducted a comprehensive literature search for the effect of phylogenetic density dependence using the Web of Science, Google Scholar and CNKI by keywords from 1 January 1980 to 1 May 2022. We screened titles, abstracts and full texts of the papers, and 35 publications were selected. The strength of the influence of phylogenetic distance on the interactions between neighboring trees in each study was extracted. There are three effects of phylogenetic relationships on neighborhood effects: phylogenetic negative density dependence (PNDD), phylogenetic positive density dependence (PPDD) and no phylogenetic density dependence, the numbers of whose articles decrease in turn. PNDD was mainly caused by associated competition resources, natural enemies and host-specific pathogens. PPDD was associated with small habitat heterogeneity, habitat filtering and symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi. However, there are no phylogenetic density dependence due to absence of phylogenetic signal in functional traits and no direct interaction between early plant neighbors. The main reasons for the different results caused by various environmental heterogeneities, research scales, study types, target species and the life history stages of plants in different studies. Therefore, the influence of these factors should be considered as far as possible in the study of phylogenetic density dependence in the future. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of Combined Application of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium on the Growth Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco Seedlings LEI Gang, LIAN Yun, LIU Jin-liang Subtropical Plant Science    2022, 51 (5): 351-361.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2022.05.004 Abstract （142）      PDF（pc） （465KB）（527）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and combined application on the growth of flue-cured tobacco seedlings were studied and the fertilization technology of flue-cured tobacco seedlings was optimized in this paper. Using floating seedlings of the new flue-cured tobacco cultivar Guiyan 202 as the test material, the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth of flue-cured tobacco seedlings were studied by N, P2O5, K2O single-factor random block test and three-factor five-level quadratic regression almost orthogonal rotation combination test. The results showed that N, P2O5, K2O and their combined application treatments had significant effects on the growth indexes of flue-cured tobacco seedlings. However, the concentrations of P2O5 and K2O had no significant effects on the number of leaves; the higher N concentration, the more significant the effect on the leaf area of tobacco seedlings. The higher N concentration, the larger leaf area in the early stage of tobacco seedlings. While the concentrations of P2O5 and K2O had little effect on the leaf area, and with the growth of tobacco seedlings, the leaf area and the concentrations of P2O5 and K2O first increased and then decreased; Compared with the concentration of N, P2O5 and K2O, it first increased and then decreased. The reasonable ratios of N, P2O5 and K2O could improve the leaf number, stem diameter, seedling height and leaf area of flue-cured tobacco seedlings, and promote the growth of flue-cured tobacco seedlings. From the above growth indexes, the combination treatment of high nitrogen and medium phosphorus and potassium had the best effect in this experiment, when the concentrations of N, P2O5 and K2O in the nutrient solution were 10.50–12.00 mmol·L–1, 4.50–5.25 mmol·L–1 and 10.50 mmol·L–1, respectively. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Dynamics of Forest Carbon Density in Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province KANG Ning, ZHANG Yue, CHEN Yu, DONG Jing-li, ZENG Yan-na, ZHANG Yun-ling, YANG Shi-min, MEI Qi-ming Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (3): 227-233.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.03.006 Abstract （81）      PDF（pc） （651KB）（520）       Knowledge map    Save In order to study the dynamics of carbon density of typical forest communities in Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve in Guangdong province (XTSNR), five 1-hm2 forest ecosystem monitoring plots were constructed according to the vegetation type and age of the forest in XTSNR. The second censuses of the plots were conducted 5 years after the construction of the plots to analyze the changes of individual species, important values and carbon density within the plots. The results showed that: (1) With the natural restoration of the XTSNR forest, the individual density of the five plots increased significantly, and the individual density of the XTS-D plot increased the most (2356 plants·hm–2), while that of the XTS-E plot of the coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest increased the least (228 plants·hm–2). (2) Compared with the initial census, the carbon density of XTS-A, XTS-B, XTS-C and XTS-D plots all increased, and the newly added carbon storage of mature forest XTS-D plots was the highest, with an increase of 22.41%. The carbon density of XTS-E mixed forest decreased by 9.23%. (3) The DBH class structures were different among the five plots; the middle DBH class (Ⅳ and V) contributed the most to the carbon storage of the mature forest XTS-A sample; large DBH class (Ⅸ) had the highest carbon storage in overmature forest XTS-B; the carbon storage of young and middle-aged trees (XTS-C and XTS-D) was mainly concentrated in trees of middle and small DBH classes (Ⅱ-Ⅳ). (5) The top 10 species of carbon density in the five plots were basically the same. Although Pinus massoniana in XTS-E plot was still a tree with high carbon density and important value, its individual number and important value decreased. Among the five plots, broad-leaved tree species showed the fastest increase in carbon density. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of Potential Suitable Areas of Two Species of Parthenium in China under Climate Change WANG Chun-xiao, LIU Yang, ZHONG Zhi-fei, LUO Zhen, LIN Xi-ting, MAO Yue, WANG Sheng-sheng, DENG Chuan-yuan Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (2): 125-134.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.006 Abstract （101）      PDF（pc） （4455KB）（463）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the multi-period CMIP6 climate variable data and the global species distribution data of two species of Parthenium, the MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software were used to simulate and analyze the potential suitable areas of two species of Parthenium. The results showed that the AUC values of the simulated prediction results in each period were all greater than 0.9, indicating that the model prediction was accurate and the results were reliable. The dominant factors affecting Parthenium hysterophorus were the wettest season rainfall, the coldest season average temperature, temperature seasonality, and isothermality. The dominant factors affecting P. argentatum were the average daily temperature range, isothermality, the driest month rainfall, and the coldest season average temperature. Under the influence of climate change, the potential suitable area of P. hysterophorus will expand in the future, and the potential suitable area of P. argentatum will not change much; under the influence of climate change, the migration direction of the potential suitable area of P. hysterophorus is mainly north-south direction, and the latitude changed. At present and in the future, the high suitable areas of P. hysterophorus are mainly in South China and Southwest China. In the future, P. hysterophorus will have suitable areas in Central China, East China and North China. Compared with the gray silver chrysanthemum, the invasion of silver chrysanthemum in China is more serious. We should focus on the invasion dynamics of silver chrysanthemum and strengthen its monitoring and prevention and control. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Deproteinization Methods of Crude Polysaccharide from Seeds of Livistona chinensis and Its Inhibitory Activity on Osteoclast Differentiation LIU Qiu, LIU Jia-quan, WU Jing-yu, RAN Heng-xing, WU Zheng-rong, JIN Jing-wei Subtropical Plant Science    2024, 53 (3): 201-206.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2024.03.002 Abstract （101）      PDF（pc） （2862KB）（462）       Knowledge map    Save This study primarily aimed to explore the optimal protein removal method for polysaccharide of the seed of Livistona chinensis. Using protein clearance rate and polysaccharide retention rate as evaluation indicators, the effects of Sevage method, enzymatic method, and the combination of enzyme and Sevage method on the protein removal from polysaccharide of the seeds were investigated. Additionally, the influence of the obtained polysaccharide of the seeds on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells was explored. The protein removal rates of polysaccharide of the seed using the Sevage method, enzymatic method, and the combined method were 78.85%, 82.40%, and 82.73%, respectively. The polysaccharide retention rates were 72.42%, 92.16%, and 96.72%, respectively. Treatment of RANKL-induced RAW264.7 osteoclast models with polysaccharide of the seed of L. chinensis obtained using the optimal protein removal method revealed that it could reduce the number of osteoclasts generated and decrease their TRAP activity. Therefore, the combination of enzyme and Sevage for protein removal was a relatively effective method that could significantly reduce the protein content in polysaccharide of L. chinensis seed while maintaining a high polysaccharide retention rate. The obtained polysaccharide could also inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells, providing theoretical support for the development of new anti-osteoporosis drugs. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Mitigation Effect of Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Allium cepa Roots Under Copper Stress FU Xian-liang, LI Wei, GUO Hai-bin, ZHANG Xue-lian, LI Huai-yuan, LI Nan Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (6): 481-486.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.06.003 Abstract （46）      PDF（pc） （389KB）（437）       Knowledge map    Save The onion root tip was treated with different concentrations of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) based on 3 μmol·L–1 copper sulfate solution by hydroponics to explore the alleviation effect of NAA on copper stress. The results showed that 3 μmol·L–1 copper sulfate solution significantly inhibited the onion root growth. The combined treatment of 3 μmol·L–1 copper sulfate solution and 1 μmol·L–1 NAA showed double inhibition and increased SOD activity and MDA content of the roots. While the mitotic index of root tip cells decreased significantly, and the aberration rate increased. The treatment with 10–2 or 10–4 μmol·L–1 NAA significantly promoted the growth of onion roots. Under the co-treatment of 3 μmol·L–1 copper sulfate solution and 10–2 μmol·L–1 NAA, NAA significantly alleviated the copper stress on onion roots, and the onion root growth returned to the control level. Compared with 3 μmol·L–1 copper sulfate solution stress, it was found that this treatment significantly increased the mitotic index, and reduced the aberration rate, SOD activity, and MDA content. It was indicated that NAA at appropriate concentrations significantly alleviated the copper stress on root system. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Prediction of Potential Geographic Distribution of Praxelis clematidea in China Using Random Forest Model ZHANG Hua-wei, LI Zhi-peng Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (1): 50-59.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.01.008 Abstract （98）      PDF（pc） （5422KB）（405）       Knowledge map    Save Praxelis clematidea is now causing serious damage to the plant of south of China. By predicting suitable habits in China, scientific basis can be provided for the agricultural and forestry departments to strengthen the prevention and control of P. clematidea. Based on 296 distribution record sites of P. clematidea distributed in China, domestic climate factors and topographic factors, the random forest model and geographic information system (GIS) technology were used to predict its potential habitat areas in China. The predicted results from the random forest model were achievable. The primary environmental factor influencing the distribution of P. clematidea was the minimum temperature in the coldest month, followed by the average annual precipitation, while topographic factors and land use type were less influential. P. clematidea mainly locate in the southern provinces of China, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Fujian, southern Jiangxi, southwestern Yunnan belonged to the high habitat of P. clematidea, accounting for 8.08% of the national land area; coastal Zhejiang, central Jiangxi, Sichuan, Chongqing junction and other areas belonged to the moderate or general habitat, accounting for 2.32% and 3.37% of the national land area, respectively. Low-suitability and non-suitability zones accounted for 9.09% and 77.14% of the country's land area, respectively. There was no significant change in the total area of P. clematidea suitable zone under the future climate scenario compared with the current stage, but the area of moderate suitable zone increased significantly from 2.32% to 4.33%. In the context of global warming, P. clematidea is not yet at its maximum reproduction range in China, and there is a possibility of its continuous spread. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of Nitrogen Exponential Fertilization on Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Melastoma candidum Seedlings LI Bing-min, ZHUO Ding-long, XIE Wei-wen, FANG Bi-jun, LIU Xiao-zhou, TAN Guang-wen Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (4): 287-292.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.04.002 Abstract （93）      PDF（pc） （508KB）（387）       Knowledge map    Save In this study, one-year-old Melastoma candidum cutting seedlings were used as experimental materials, and five gradients of N index fertilization treatments (total nitrogen 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 g per plant, respectively) were set up. In addition, no fertilization and average fertilization (total nitrogen application was 5 g per plant) were set as control treatments. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer exponential fertilization on the growth of M. candidum seedlings were discussed by measuring mortality, seedling height, ground diameter, biomass, chlorophyll SPAD value and photosynthetic characteristics, combined with membership function analysis. The results showed that treatment 4 (17.50 g nitrogen fertilizer per plant) was the most significant, and its seedling height, ground diameter, biomass, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductivity, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate and water use efficiency could reached the maximum value, but root-shoot ratio and stomatal limitation value reached the minimum value. The comprehensive value of membership function of treatment 4 was the highest. Therefore, we concluded that the exponential fertilization treatment 4 had the best fertilization effect for M. candidum, that was, the exponential fertilization treatment of 17.50 g nitrogen fertilizer per plant. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Screening and Evaluation of Salt Tolerance of 9 Water Spinach Germplasm at Germination Stage HUANG Xiao-long, OU Cheng-chuan, LIU Xiao-li, LI Qiu-fen, LI Zhen-qin, LI Si-tong, WANG Jun-ning Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (2): 108-118.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.004 Abstract （98）      PDF（pc） （452KB）（368）       Knowledge map    Save In this study, 9 water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) germplasm resources were selected, and their seeds were treated with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 mmol·L-1 NaCl. The germination rate, germination potential, germination index and vigor index were measured. The salt tolerance of water spinach germplasm resources was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that low concentration salt treatment promoted the germination of some varieties, while high concentration salt treatment significantly inhibited the germination of 9 varieties. Principal component analysis divided 11 salt tolerance related indicators into 4 principal components, with a cumulative contribution rate of 89.509%. Combined with cluster analysis, the salt tolerance of 9 water spinach germplasm was divided into 4 types. ‘Sancha’ was a high salt-tolerant variety. ‘Taiguo’ and ‘Baijun’ belonged to medium salt-tolerant varieties; ‘Jieyang’, ‘Gangzhong’ and ‘Taiwang’ belonged to weak salt tolerant varieties. ‘Bailiu’, ‘Qinggeng’ and ‘Taimei’ were salt sensitive varieties. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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New Records of Five Ferns from Guangdong Province GUO Xiao-feng, YAN Yue-hong, GU Yu-feng, WEI Xue-ying, ZHENG Xi-long, SHU Jiang-ping Subtropical Plant Science    2023, 52 (2): 167-170.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2023.02.012 Abstract （222）      PDF（pc） （3431KB）（368）       Knowledge map    Save Five newly recorded species belonging to 4 families and 5 genera of ferns from Guangdong province were reported, they are Adiantum menglianense Y. Y. Qian, Leptochilus × shintenensis (Hayata) X. C. Zhang & Noot., Oreogrammitis adspersa (Blume) Parris, Hymenasplenium pseudobscurum Viane, Diplopterygium simulans (Ching) Ching ex X. C. Zhang. The voucher specimens are deposited in the Herbarium of Shenzhen Orchid Conservation and Research Centre (NOCC). Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Research Progress on the Application of Slightly Acidic Electrolyzed Water in Food Preservation DAI Xiao-ze, WANG Chao, LIU Qing-qing, FENG Shu-juan, MING Yan-lin, LIN Ming-you, ZHANG Yan-hui, LIN He-tong, CHEN Yi-hui Subtropical Plant Science    2025, 54 (1): 89-99.   DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1009-7791.2025.01.012 Abstract （21）      PDF（pc） （1224KB）（337）       Knowledge map    Save Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW), as an environmentally friendly sanitizer, exhibits characteristics such as low cost, high efficiency, robust environmental protection, strong safety, and non-corrosiveness, which have led to its widespread application in food sterilization and preservation. This paper delves into the preparation principle, key parameters, sterilization mechanism, and application advantages of SAEW. Additionally, it compiles the latest advancements made by scholars globally in recent years concerning the use of SAEW in sterilizing and preserving a variety of foods, including fruits and vegetables, aquatic products, livestock meats, and poultry meats. Furthermore, the paper outlines potential future research directions and breakthroughs in SAEW technology, aiming to serve as a reference for broadening the application scope of SAEW within the food industry. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）